Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba.
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí", Havana 11400, Cuba.
Molecules. 2022 Aug 6;27(15):5009. doi: 10.3390/molecules27155009.
The increase in antibiotic resistance demands innovative strategies to combat microorganisms. The current study evaluated the antibacterial and antivirulence effects of ethanol extracts from Persea americana seeds obtained by the Soxhlet (SE) and maceration (MaE) methods. The UHPLC-DAD-QTOF analysis showed mainly the presence of polyphenols and neolignan. Ethanol extracts were not cytotoxic to mammalian cells (CC50 > 500 µg/mL) and displayed a moderate antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IC50 = 87 and 187 µg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus (IC50 = 144 and 159 µg/mL). Interestingly, no antibacterial activity was found against Escherichia coli. SE and MaE extracts were also able to significantly reduce the bacterial adhesion to A549 lung epithelial cells. Additionally, both extracts inhibited the biofilm growth at 24 h and facilitated the release of internal cell components in P. aeruginosa, which might be associated with cell membrane destabilization. Real-time PCR and agarose electrophoresis gel analysis indicated that avocado seed ethanol extracts (64 µg/mL) downregulated virulence-related factors such as mexT and lasA genes. Our results support the potential of bioproducts from P. americana seeds as anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm agents.
抗生素耐药性的增加要求采取创新策略来对抗微生物。本研究评估了索氏提取（SE）和浸渍提取（MaE）法从鳄梨种子中获得的乙醇提取物的抗菌和抗毒力作用。UHPLC-DAD-QTOF 分析主要显示了多酚和新木脂素的存在。乙醇提取物对哺乳动物细胞没有细胞毒性（CC50 > 500 µg/mL），对铜绿假单胞菌（IC50 = 87 和 187 µg/mL）和金黄色葡萄球菌（IC50 = 144 和 159 µg/mL）具有中等的抗菌活性。有趣的是，对大肠杆菌没有发现抗菌活性。SE 和 MaE 提取物还能够显著减少细菌对 A549 肺上皮细胞的黏附。此外，两种提取物均能在 24 小时内抑制生物膜的生长，并促进铜绿假单胞菌内部细胞成分的释放，这可能与细胞膜的不稳定有关。实时 PCR 和琼脂糖电泳凝胶分析表明，鳄梨种子乙醇提取物（64 µg/mL）下调了与毒力相关的因子，如 mexT 和 lasA 基因。我们的研究结果支持了鳄梨种子生物产品作为抗黏附和抗生物膜剂的潜力。
