Mouchet Florence, Rowenczyk Laura, Minet Antoine, Clergeaud Fanny, Silvestre Jérôme, Pinelli Eric, Ferriol Jessica, Leflaive Joséphine, Ten-Hage Loïc, Gigault Julien, Ter Halle Alexandra, Gauthier Laury
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France.
Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique (IMRCP), UMR CNRS 5623, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment 2R1, 3ème étage, 118, Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Aug 8;12(15):2730. doi: 10.3390/nano12152730.
Due to their various properties as polymeric materials, plastics have been produced, used and ultimately discharged into the environment. Although some studies have shown their negative impacts on the marine environment, the effects of plastics on freshwater organisms are still poorly studied, while they could be widely in contact with this pollution. The current work aimed to better elucidate the impact and the toxicity mechanisms of two kinds of commercial functionalized nanoplastics, i.e., carboxylated polystyrene microspheres of, respectively, 350 and 50 nm (PS350 and PS50), and heteroaggregated PS50 with humic acid with an apparent size of 350 nm (PSHA), all used at environmental concentrations (0.1 to 100 µg L). For this purpose, two relevant biological and aquatic models-amphibian larvae, , and dipters, -were used under normalized exposure conditions. The acute, chronic, and genetic toxicity parameters were examined and discussed with regard to the fundamental characterization in media exposures and, especially, the aggregation state of the nanoplastics. The size of PS350 and PSHA remained similar in the and Chironomus exposure media. Inversely, PS50 aggregated in both exposition media and finally appeared to be micrometric during the exposition tests. Interestingly, this work highlighted that PS350 has no significant effect on the tested species, while PS50 is the most prone to alter the growth of but not of Chironomus. Finally, PSHA induced a significant genotoxicity in .
由于塑料作为聚合材料具有多种特性，它们被生产、使用，最终排放到环境中。尽管一些研究已经表明它们对海洋环境有负面影响，但塑料对淡水生物的影响仍研究不足，而淡水生物可能广泛接触到这种污染。当前的工作旨在更好地阐明两种商业功能化纳米塑料的影响和毒性机制，即分别为350纳米和50纳米的羧化聚苯乙烯微球（PS350和PS50），以及与腐殖酸异质聚集的表观尺寸为350纳米的PS50（PSHA），所有这些均以环境浓度（0.1至100微克/升）使用。为此，在标准化暴露条件下使用了两种相关的生物和水生模型——两栖类幼虫和双翅目昆虫。针对介质暴露中的基本特征，特别是纳米塑料的聚集状态，对急性、慢性和遗传毒性参数进行了检查和讨论。在暴露于和摇蚊的介质中，PS350和PSHA的尺寸保持相似。相反，PS50在两种暴露介质中均发生聚集，并且在暴露试验期间最终看起来呈微米级。有趣的是，这项工作突出表明，PS350对受试物种没有显著影响，而PS50最容易改变的生长，但对摇蚊没有影响。最后，PSHA在中诱导了显著的遗传毒性。
