School of Informatics, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
Informatics Innovative Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 5;22(15):5864. doi: 10.3390/s22155864.
Herein, we developed an auditory stimulus pattern for an event-related potential (ERP)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) system to improve control and communication in quadriplegia with visual impairment. Auditory stimulus paradigms for multicommand electroencephalogram (EEG)-based BCIs and audio stimulus patterns were examined. With the proposed auditory stimulation, using the selected Thai vowel, similar to the English vowel, and Thai numeral sounds, as simple target recognition, we explored the ERPs' response and classification efficiency from the suggested EEG channels. We also investigated the use of single and multi-loudspeakers for auditory stimuli. Four commands were created using the proposed paradigm. The experimental paradigm was designed to observe ERP responses and verify the proposed auditory stimulus pattern. The conventional classification method produced four commands using the proposed auditory stimulus pattern. The results established that the proposed auditory stimulation with 20 to 30 trials of stream stimuli could produce a prominent ERP response from Pz channels. The vowel stimuli could achieve higher accuracy than the proposed numeral stimuli for two auditory stimuli intervals (100 and 250 ms). Additionally, multi-loudspeaker patterns through vowel and numeral sound stimulation provided an accuracy greater than 85% of the average accuracy. Thus, the proposed auditory stimulation patterns can be implemented as a real-time BCI system to aid in the daily activities of quadratic patients with visual and tactile impairments. In future, practical use of the auditory ERP-based BCI system will be demonstrated and verified in an actual scenario.
在此，我们开发了一种基于事件相关电位 (ERP) 的脑机接口 (BCI) 系统的听觉刺激模式，以改善视力障碍四肢瘫痪患者的控制和交流。我们检查了基于多指令脑电图 (EEG) 的 BCI 和音频刺激模式的听觉刺激范式。使用我们提出的听觉刺激，使用选定的泰语元音，类似于英语元音，以及泰语数字声音作为简单的目标识别，我们探索了从建议的 EEG 通道中 ERP 的响应和分类效率。我们还研究了使用单个和多个扬声器进行听觉刺激。使用提出的范式创建了四个命令。实验范式旨在观察 ERP 响应并验证提出的听觉刺激模式。传统的分类方法使用提出的听觉刺激模式产生了四个命令。结果表明，使用 20 到 30 次流刺激的建议听觉刺激可以从 Pz 通道产生明显的 ERP 响应。与两个听觉刺激间隔（100 和 250 毫秒）的建议数字刺激相比，元音刺激可以达到更高的准确性。此外，通过元音和数字声音刺激的多扬声器模式提供的准确性大于平均准确性的 85%。因此，提出的听觉刺激模式可以作为实时 BCI 系统实施，以帮助视力和触觉受损的四肢瘫痪患者进行日常活动。在未来，将在实际场景中演示和验证基于听觉 ERP 的 BCI 系统的实际应用。
