Ramadan Mohannad, Kheirallah Khalid, Saleh Tareq, Bellizzi Saverio, Shorman Enas
Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Amman, Jordan.
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2021 Sep 4;15(3):585-593. doi: 10.1007/s40653-021-00401-w. eCollection 2022 Sep.
The civil war in Syria began in 2011 and escalated over years resulting in one of the largest humanitarian crises since the Second World War. Injury, loss, poverty, and immigration trapped the Syrian population in a diversity of psychological disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Spirituality has, on the other hand, been consistently reported as a resilient factor against developing mental disorders. Hence, spirituality or religiosity have been incorporated in clinical and psychotherapeutic practice for several mental disorders. We explored the association between spirituality and the development of PTSD symptoms among Syrian refugee adolescents in Jordanian schools. A sample of 418 Syrian adolescent students (age range between 12-16 years) from Jordanian schools in the northern part of the country were enrolled in the study after informing on study context and objectives. The study questionnaire included sample demographics, smoking status, PTSD checklist - Civilian Version (PCL-C), two spirituality-targeting questions, and trauma and loss history. `Almost half of participants (N = 196) showed moderate PTSD symptoms while around 30% (N = 124) had a severe level of PTSD symptoms. On the other hand, 3 out of four students perceived themselves as highly spiritual. The study resulted in a positive correlation between belief in God and God's thankfulness. Furthermore, increased spirituality level did not appear to lower the risk of developing PTSD symptoms. Spiritual self-perception of Syrian refugee adolescents showed neither protective nor aggravating effect of on the occurrence of post-traumatic stress symptoms. Additional research and more accurate tools are needed to assess the potential impact of spiritual/religious values towards PTSD symptoms among adolescents.
叙利亚内战始于2011年，并在数年中不断升级，导致了自第二次世界大战以来最大的人道主义危机之一。伤害、损失、贫困和移民使叙利亚民众陷入了各种心理障碍之中，包括创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。另一方面，一直有报告称精神性是抵御精神障碍发展的一个恢复力因素。因此，精神性或宗教信仰已被纳入多种精神障碍的临床和心理治疗实践中。我们探讨了约旦学校中叙利亚难民青少年的精神性与创伤后应激障碍症状发展之间的关联。在告知研究背景和目标后，从该国北部约旦学校选取了418名叙利亚青少年学生（年龄在12至16岁之间）作为研究样本。研究问卷包括样本人口统计学信息、吸烟状况、创伤后应激障碍检查表 - 平民版（PCL-C）、两个针对精神性的问题以及创伤和损失史。几乎一半的参与者（N = 196）表现出中度创伤后应激障碍症状，而约30%（N = 124）有严重程度的创伤后应激障碍症状。另一方面，四分之三的学生认为自己精神性很强。研究得出对上帝的信仰与对上帝的感恩之间存在正相关。此外，精神性水平的提高似乎并未降低出现创伤后应激障碍症状的风险。叙利亚难民青少年的精神自我认知对创伤后应激症状的发生既没有保护作用也没有加重作用。需要更多的研究和更精确的工具来评估精神/宗教价值观对青少年创伤后应激障碍症状的潜在影响。
