Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University School of Medicine, 752 King Street West, Kingston, ON K7L 7X3, Canada; Centre for Neuroscience Studies (CNS), Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Major Maragliano 241, São Paulo, SP 04017-030, Brazil.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2022 Dec 20;119:110613. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110613. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
Current treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults are limited by lack of response and side effects in about one third of the individuals. Changes towards a healthier lifestyle could have a positive impact beyond the relief of specific symptoms. However, it is not clear if nutritional interventions influence mental health and cognition. The objective of this study was to summarize the available literature addressing the impact of different diets in ADHD. The most promising dietetic approaches in ADHD are diets considered to be healthy (Mediterranean-type; DASH) and the Few-Foods Diet for children. Studies should take into account the presence of multiple confounders, biases associated with difficulties in blinding participants and researchers, and search for possible mechanisms of action, so we can have better evidence to guide clinical mental care of adults with ADHD.
目前，针对成人注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的治疗方法因大约三分之一的患者缺乏疗效和出现副作用而受到限制。向更健康的生活方式转变可能会对缓解特定症状以外的方面产生积极影响。然而，目前尚不清楚营养干预是否会影响心理健康和认知。本研究的目的是总结现有的文献，以了解不同饮食对 ADHD 的影响。在 ADHD 中最有前途的饮食方法是被认为健康的饮食（地中海式；DASH）和儿童的少数食物饮食。研究应考虑到多种混杂因素的存在，与参与者和研究人员难以设盲相关的偏倚，以及寻找可能的作用机制，以便我们能够有更好的证据来指导 ADHD 成年患者的临床心理护理。
