Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, 8915173160, Yazd, Iran.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Oct;60(7):3647-3658. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02527-x. Epub 2021 Mar 14.
The dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet have several components like high amounts of fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, and vitamin C and low amounts of simple sugars that might improve attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. We aimed to investigate the effect of a DASH diet on children (aged 6-12 years) with ADHD, for the first time.
Participants were randomized to receive a DASH or a control diet for 12 weeks. The severity of ADHD symptoms [determined by abbreviated 10-item Conner's scale (ACS), 18-item Swanson, Nolan and Pelham (SNAP-IV) scale and strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ)] were assessed every four weeks.
Eighty children completed the study. After adjustment for confounders, parent (- 4.71 for the DASH group vs. - 3 for the control group) and teacher-reported (- 5.35 vs. - 1.87) ACS scores, parent-, teacher-, child-reported hyperactivity (- 1.40 vs. - 0.66, - 1.95 vs. -0.63, - 1.60 vs. - 0.43, respectively), emotional symptoms (- 1.50 vs. - 0.45, - 1.42 vs. - 0.63, and - 1.09 vs. - 0.61, respectively), and total SDQ scores (- 3.81 vs. - 1.65, - 4.11 vs. - 1.23, - 4.44 vs. - 1.26, respectively), teacher-reported of conduct problems (- 1.42 vs. - 0.63), peer relationship problems (- 0.87 vs. - 0.07), and prosocial behaviors (1.36 vs. 0.08) assessed by the SDQ were significantly improved in the DASH group compared with the control group (P < 0.05).
Adherence to a DASH-style diet might improve ADHD symptoms. Further RCTs which include participants from both sexes and with longer follow-up periods are needed to warrant current findings (The trial registration code: IRCT20130223012571N6; http://irct.ir/trial/12623 ). Trial registration Trial registration number: The trial was registered in the Iranian registry of clinical trials (registration code: IRCT20130223012571N6), URL: http://irct.ir/trial/12623 .
饮食方法防治高血压（DASH）饮食包含许多成分，如大量的水果、蔬菜、低脂奶制品和维生素 C，以及少量的单糖，这些可能改善注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的症状。我们旨在首次研究 DASH 饮食对儿童（6-12 岁）ADHD 的影响。
参与者被随机分为 DASH 饮食组或对照组，进行 12 周的饮食干预。ADHD 症状的严重程度[通过缩写的 10 项 Conner 量表（ACS）、18 项 Swanson、Nolan 和 Pelham（SNAP-IV）量表和长处和困难问卷（SDQ）进行评估]每四周评估一次。
80 名儿童完成了研究。调整混杂因素后，父母报告的（DASH 组为-4.71，对照组为-3）和教师报告的（DASH 组为-5.35，对照组为-1.87）ACS 评分、父母、教师、儿童报告的多动（DASH 组分别为-1.40，对照组为-0.66，DASH 组为-1.95，对照组为-0.63，DASH 组为-1.60，对照组为-0.43）、情绪症状（DASH 组分别为-1.50，对照组为-0.45，DASH 组为-1.42，对照组为-0.63，DASH 组为-1.09，对照组为-0.61）和 SDQ 总分（DASH 组分别为-3.81，对照组为-1.65，DASH 组为-4.11，对照组为-1.23，DASH 组为-4.44，对照组为-1.26）、教师报告的行为问题（DASH 组为-1.42，对照组为-0.63）、同伴关系问题（DASH 组为-0.87，对照组为-0.07）和亲社会行为（DASH 组为 1.36，对照组为 0.08）显著改善（P<0.05）。
坚持 DASH 饮食可能会改善 ADHD 症状。需要进一步的 RCT 研究，包括来自不同性别的参与者和更长的随访时间，以保证目前的研究结果（试验注册码：IRCT20130223012571N6；http://irct.ir/trial/12623）。
