Alsaeed Omar M, Bukhari Abdullah A, Alshehri Adel A, Alsumairi Faisal A, Alnami Anas M, Elsheikh Hatim A
College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU.
Cureus. 2022 Jul 11;14(7):e26731. doi: 10.7759/cureus.26731. eCollection 2022 Jul.
Background Surgical site infections (SSIs) are among the most common postoperative complications. To reduce the occurrence of surgical wound infections, suitable antimicrobials should be administered. Aim of the work This study investigated the prophylactic use of antibiotics to prevent SSIs, in terms of agents and/or combination preferences, and the adherence of surgeons to both national and international guidelines of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in Taif city government hospitals. Methods This is a retrospective study using a chart review of patients' medical records in two government hospitals in Taif city, Saudi Arabia, from July 2016 to July 2018. While maintaining the confidentiality of the patient's data, it was collected and analyzed using the chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests, and the difference between means was tested using the student's t-test. Results Prophylactic antibiotics were used in 157 patients who had surgery (Group 1) while 52 patients did not receive preoperative antibiotics (Group 2). The most commonly used prophylactic antibiotics were metronidazole, cefuroxime, cefazolin, and ceftriaxone. Other antimicrobials used included cefotaxime, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cephalexin, and amoxicillin. Surgical site infections developed in one patient of those who received antibiotics preoperatively and in three Group 2 patients. The mean hospital length of stay in Group 1 was 38.5±9.2 hours, and 57.3±12.1 hours in Group 2 patients. The types of antibiotics used were generally within the scope of national and international recommended guidelines. Conclusion The use of preoperative prophylactic antibiotics significantly reduces the development of surgical site infections and the mean length of hospital stay. Various antimicrobial drugs that were used prophylactically in surgical practice are within the recommendations of both national and international guidelines.
背景 手术部位感染（SSIs）是最常见的术后并发症之一。为减少手术伤口感染的发生，应使用合适的抗菌药物。
工作目的 本研究调查了预防性使用抗生素预防手术部位感染的情况，包括药物和/或联合用药偏好，以及塔伊夫市公立医院外科医生对国家和国际手术抗生素预防指南的遵循情况。
方法 这是一项回顾性研究，对沙特阿拉伯塔伊夫市两家公立医院2016年7月至2018年7月期间患者的病历进行图表审查。在保持患者数据保密的同时，使用卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验进行数据收集和分析，并使用学生t检验检验均值差异。
结果 157例接受手术的患者（第1组）使用了预防性抗生素，而52例患者未接受术前抗生素（第2组）。最常用的预防性抗生素是甲硝唑、头孢呋辛、头孢唑林和头孢曲松。使用的其他抗菌药物包括头孢噻肟、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢氨苄和阿莫西林。术前接受抗生素治疗的患者中有1例发生了手术部位感染，第2组有3例。第1组的平均住院时间为38.5±9.2小时，第2组患者为57.3±12.1小时。所使用的抗生素类型一般在国家和国际推荐指南范围内。
结论 术前预防性使用抗生素可显著降低手术部位感染的发生率和平均住院时间。手术实践中预防性使用的各种抗菌药物均在国家和国际指南的推荐范围内。
