Immunobiology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Front Immunol. 2022 Jul 28;13:944183. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.944183. eCollection 2022.
The pursuit to improve the TB control program comprising one approved vaccine, Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has directed researchers to explore progressive approaches to halt the eternal TB pandemic. () was first identified as the causative agent of TB in 1882 by Dr. Robert Koch. However, TB has plagued living beings since ancient times and continues to endure as an eternal scourge ravaging even with existing chemoprophylaxis and preventive therapy. We have scientifically come a long way since then, but despite accessibility to the standard antimycobacterial antibiotics and prophylactic vaccine, almost one-fourth of humankind is infected latently with . Existing therapeutics fail to control TB, due to the upsurge of drug-resistant strains and increasing incidents of co-infections in immune-compromised individuals. Unresponsiveness to established antibiotics leaves patients with no therapeutic possibilities. Hence the search for an efficacious TB immunization strategy is a global health priority. Researchers are paving the course for efficient vaccination strategies with the radically advanced operation of core principles of protective immune responses against . In this review; we have reassessed the progression of the TB vaccination program comprising BCG immunization in children and potential stratagems to reinforce BCG-induced protection in adults.
为改善结核病控制规划而努力，该规划包括一种已批准的疫苗——卡介苗（BCG），促使研究人员探索阻止结核病这一永恒大流行的渐进方法。（）于 1882 年由罗伯特·科赫博士首次鉴定为结核病的病原体。然而，结核病自古以来一直困扰着生物界，即使有现有的化学预防和预防性治疗，它仍然是一种永恒的祸害。从那时起，我们在科学上已经取得了长足的进步，但尽管可以使用标准的抗分枝杆菌抗生素和预防性疫苗，仍有近四分之一的人类潜伏感染。由于耐药菌株的激增和免疫功能低下者合并感染的增加，现有的治疗方法无法控制结核病。对现有抗生素的不反应使患者没有治疗的可能。因此，寻找有效的结核病免疫接种策略是全球卫生的优先事项。研究人员正在为有效的疫苗接种策略铺平道路，激进地运用针对保护性免疫反应的核心原则。在这篇综述中；我们重新评估了包括儿童卡介苗免疫接种的结核病疫苗接种计划的进展，以及增强成人卡介苗诱导保护的潜在策略。
