Pehrsson Pamela R, Roseland Janet M, Patterson Kristine Y, Phillips Katherine M, Spungen Judith H, Andrews Karen W, Gusev Pavel A, Gahche Jaime J, Haggans Carol J, Merkel Joyce M, Ershow Abby G
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA.
Biochemistry Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
J Food Compost Anal. 2022 Jun;109. doi: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104369. Epub 2022 Jan 7.
Data on the iodine content of foods and dietary supplements are needed to develop general population intake estimates and identify major contributors to intake. Samples of seafood, dairy products, eggs, baked products, salts, tap water, other foods and beverages, and dietary supplements were collected according to established sampling plans of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Samples were assayed for iodine content using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with rigorous quality control measures. The food data were released through a collaboration of USDA, FDA, and the Office of Dietary Supplements-National Institutes of Health (ODS-NIH) as the USDA, FDA, and ODS-NIH Database for the Iodine Content of Common Foods at www.ars.usda.gov/mafcl. Iodine data for dietary supplements are available in the ODS-USDA Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database and the ODS Dietary Supplement Label Database. Data from the iodine databases linked to national dietary survey data can provide needed information to monitor iodine status and develop dietary guidance for the general U.S. population and vulnerable subgroups. This iodine information is critical for dietary guidance development, especially for those at risk for iodine deficiency (i.e., women of reproductive age and young children).
为了估算普通人群的碘摄入量并确定碘摄入的主要来源，需要获取食物和膳食补充剂中碘含量的数据。根据美国农业部（USDA）和美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）既定的抽样计划，收集了海产品、乳制品、蛋类、烘焙食品、盐、自来水、其他食品和饮料以及膳食补充剂的样本。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法对样本的碘含量进行测定，并采取了严格的质量控制措施。这些食品数据是由美国农业部、美国食品药品监督管理局以及美国国立卫生研究院膳食补充剂办公室（ODS-NIH）合作发布的，可在www.ars.usda.gov/mafcl网站上获取《美国农业部、美国食品药品监督管理局和美国国立卫生研究院膳食补充剂办公室常见食品碘含量数据库》。膳食补充剂的碘数据可在ODS-USDA膳食补充剂成分数据库和ODS膳食补充剂标签数据库中获取。与全国膳食调查数据相关联的碘数据库中的数据，可为监测碘状况以及为美国普通人群和脆弱亚组制定膳食指南提供所需信息。这些碘信息对于制定膳食指南至关重要，尤其是对于那些有碘缺乏风险的人群（即育龄妇女和幼儿）。
