Harten Paul, Martin Todd, Chang Daniel, Young Douglas
Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
J Solution Chem. 2022 Jul 1;51:838-849. doi: 10.1007/s10953-022-01174-y.
A solvent has many different types of impact on the environment. This article describes a method that combines several different types of impacts together into one environmental index so that similar solvents may be compared by their cumulative impact to the environment. The software tool PARIS III (Program for Assisting the Replacement of Industrial Solvents III) initially finds thousands of solvents mixtures with behaviors as close as possible to those of the original solvent entered. The overall environmental impacts of these solvent mixtures are estimated and assigned to environmental indexes. Users of the software tool can then choose replacements for the original solvent with similar activities but with significantly smaller environmental indexes. These solvent mixtures may act as practical substitutes for the industrial solvents but substantially reduce the overall environmental impact of the original harmful solvents. Potential replacements like this are found for three of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Toxic Release Inventory solvents, carbon tetrachloride, toluene, and -methylpyrrolidone.
溶剂对环境有许多不同类型的影响。本文介绍了一种方法，该方法将几种不同类型的影响综合为一个环境指标，以便通过类似溶剂对环境的累积影响来进行比较。软件工具PARIS III（工业溶剂替代辅助程序III）最初会找出数千种溶剂混合物，其行为尽可能接近输入的原始溶剂。这些溶剂混合物的整体环境影响会被估算并赋予环境指标。然后，该软件工具的用户可以选择用具有类似活性但环境指标显著更小的溶剂来替代原始溶剂。这些溶剂混合物可作为工业溶剂的实际替代品，同时大幅降低原始有害溶剂的整体环境影响。已为美国环境保护局有毒物质排放清单中的三种溶剂，即四氯化碳、甲苯和N-甲基吡咯烷酮找到了这样的潜在替代品。
