急性有氧运动对老年人记忆辨别能力的影响。
Effects of acute aerobic exercise on mnemonic discrimination performance in older adults.
机构信息
Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
出版信息
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2023 Jul;29(6):519-528. doi: 10.1017/S1355617722000492. Epub 2022 Aug 15.
OBJECTIVES
Ample evidence suggests exercise is beneficial for hippocampal function. Furthermore, a single session of aerobic exercise provides immediate benefits to mnemonic discrimination performance, a highly hippocampal-specific memory process, in healthy younger adults. However, it is unknown if a single session of aerobic exercise alters mnemonic discrimination in older adults, who generally exhibit greater hippocampal deterioration and deficits in mnemonic discrimination performance.
METHODS
We conducted a within subject acute exercise study in 30 cognitively healthy and physically active older adults who underwent baseline testing and then completed two experimental visits in which they performed a mnemonic discrimination task before and after either 30 min of cycling exercise or 30 min of seated rest. Linear mixed-effects analyses were conducted in which condition order and age were controlled, time (pre vs. post) and condition (exercise vs. rest) were modeled as fixed effects, and subject as a random effect.
RESULTS
No significant time by condition interaction effect was found for object recognition ( = .254, η=.01), while a significant reduction in interference was found for mnemonic discrimination performance following the exercise condition ( = .012, η=.07). A post-intervention only analysis indicated that there was no difference between condition for object recognition ( = .186, η=.06), but that participants had better mnemonic discrimination performance ( < .001, η=.22) following the exercise.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest a single session of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may reduce interference and elicit better mnemonic discrimination performance in healthy older adults, suggesting benefits for hippocampal-specific memory function.
目的
大量证据表明，运动有益于海马体功能。此外，单次有氧运动即可立即改善健康年轻成年人的记忆辨别表现，这是一种高度海马体特异性的记忆过程。然而，目前尚不清楚单次有氧运动是否会改变老年人大脑中的记忆辨别能力，因为老年人的海马体通常会发生更大程度的恶化，并且在记忆辨别表现上存在缺陷。
方法
我们对 30 名认知健康且身体活跃的老年人进行了一项单日内的急性运动研究，他们首先进行了基线测试，然后完成了两次实验访问，在这两次访问中，他们在进行记忆辨别任务之前和之后分别进行了 30 分钟的骑车运动或 30 分钟的静坐。采用线性混合效应分析，其中控制了条件顺序和年龄，将时间（前测与后测）和条件（运动与静坐）作为固定效应进行建模，并将受试者作为随机效应进行建模。
结果
对于物体识别（ = 0.254，η= 0.01），没有发现时间与条件的交互效应显著，但对于记忆辨别表现，发现运动条件后干扰显著减少（ = 0.012，η= 0.07）。仅在后测时进行分析表明，两种条件下物体识别没有差异（ = 0.186，η= 0.06），但参与者在运动后有更好的记忆辨别表现（ < 0.001，η= 0.22）。
结论
我们的结果表明，单次中等强度的有氧运动可能会减少健康老年人的干扰，并提高他们的记忆辨别表现，这表明对海马体特异性记忆功能有益。
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