Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 41000, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 41000, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Oct;29(46):69241-69274. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22319-y. Epub 2022 Aug 15.
Aquaculture has emerged as one of the world's fastest-growing food industries in recent years, helping food security and boosting global economic status. The indiscriminate disposal of untreated or improperly managed waste and effluents from different sources including production plants, food processing sectors, and healthcare sectors release various contaminants such as bioactive compounds and unmetabolized antibiotics, and antibiotic-resistant organisms into the environment. These emerging contaminants (ECs), especially antibiotics, have the potential to pollute the environment, particularly the aquatic ecosystem due to their widespread use in aquaculture, leading to various toxicological effects on aquatic organisms as well as long-term persistence in the environment. However, various forms of nanotechnology-based technologies are now being explored to assist other remediation technologies to boost productivity, efficiency, and sustainability. In this review, we critically highlighted several ecofriendly nanotechnological methods including nanodrug and vaccine delivery, nanoformulations, and nanosensor for their antimicrobial effects in aquaculture and aquatic organisms, potential public health risks associated with nanoparticles, and their mitigation measures for sustainable management.
近年来，水产养殖已成为世界上发展最快的食品行业之一，有助于保障粮食安全，提升全球经济地位。生产厂、食品加工部门和医疗保健部门等不同来源的未经处理或管理不当的废物和废水的任意排放，将各种污染物，如生物活性化合物和未代谢的抗生素以及抗生素抗性生物释放到环境中。这些新兴污染物（ECs），尤其是抗生素，由于在水产养殖中的广泛使用，有可能污染环境，特别是水生生态系统，对水生生物产生各种毒理学影响，并在环境中长期存在。然而，现在正在探索各种基于纳米技术的技术，以协助其他修复技术来提高生产力、效率和可持续性。在这篇综述中，我们批判性地强调了几种环保型纳米技术方法，包括纳米药物和疫苗输送、纳米制剂和纳米传感器，它们在水产养殖和水生生物中的抗菌作用、与纳米颗粒相关的潜在公共健康风险，以及可持续管理的缓解措施。
