Yang Lulu, Bajinka Ousman, Jarju Pa Omar, Tan Yurong, Taal Aji Mary, Ozdemir Guven
Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
AMB Express. 2021 Aug 16;11(1):116. doi: 10.1186/s13568-021-01274-w.
Antibiotics are lifesaving therapeutic drugs that have been used by human for decades. They are used both in the fight against bacterial pathogens for both human and for animal feeding. However, of recent, their effects on the gut microbial compositions and diversities have attracted much attention. Existing literature have established the dysbiosis (reduced diversity) in the gut microbiota in association with antibiotic and antibiotic drug doses. In the light of spelling out the varying effects of antibiotic use on gut microbiota, this review aimed at given an account on the degree of gut microbial alteration caused by common antibiotics. While some common antibiotics are found to destroy the common phyla, other debilitating effects were observed. The effects can be attributed to the mode of mechanism, the class of antibiotic, the degree of resistance of the antibiotic used, the dosage used during the treatment, the route of administration, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties and the spectrum of the antibiotic agent. Health status, stress or the type of diet an individual feeds on could be a great proportion as confounding factors. While it is understood that only the bacterial communities are explored in the quest to establishing the role of gut in health, other gut microbial species are somehow contributing to the dysbiosis status of the gut microbiota. Until now, long term natural fluctuations like diseases outbreaks and mutations of the strain might as well rendered alteration to the gut independent of antibiotic treatments.
抗生素是人类已使用数十年的救命治疗药物。它们既用于对抗人类的细菌病原体，也用于动物饲养。然而，最近它们对肠道微生物组成和多样性的影响引起了广泛关注。现有文献已证实肠道微生物群的失调（多样性降低）与抗生素及抗生素药物剂量有关。鉴于要阐明抗生素使用对肠道微生物群的不同影响，本综述旨在说明常见抗生素引起的肠道微生物改变程度。虽然发现一些常见抗生素会破坏常见的门类，但也观察到了其他有害影响。这些影响可归因于作用机制、抗生素类别、所用抗生素的耐药程度、治疗期间使用的剂量、给药途径、药代动力学和药效学特性以及抗生素的抗菌谱。健康状况、压力或个体的饮食类型可能是很大一部分混杂因素。虽然人们知道在探索肠道在健康中的作用时仅研究了细菌群落，但其他肠道微生物物种也在一定程度上导致了肠道微生物群的失调状态。直到现在，诸如疾病爆发和菌株突变等长期自然波动也可能导致肠道改变，而与抗生素治疗无关。
