Department of Wellness-Bio Industry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, Korea.
Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, Korea.
PLoS One. 2022 Aug 15;17(8):e0270794. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270794. eCollection 2022.
Halocynthia aurantium is a marine organism that has been considered a promising source for bio-functional materials. Total lipids were extracted from H. aurantium tunic, and then they were separated into neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids. In the present study, fatty acid profiles of three lipids and their anti-inflammatory effects in RAW264.7 cells were investigated. Among the lipid classes, phospholipids showed the diversity of fatty acid constituents, compared with the glycolipids and neutral lipids. Three lipids contain different contents of fatty acids depending on the kinds of lipids. The most contents were saturated fatty acids (SFAs, 53-69% of the fatty acids) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs, 15-17% of fatty acids) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs, 14-32% of fatty acids) are followed. H. aurantium lipids not only dose-dependently inhibited nitric oxide production but also reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated macrophages. It was also demonstrated that the expression of COX-2 was dose-dependently suppressed. Moreover, H. aurantium lipids decreased phosphorylation of NF-κB p-65, p38, ERK1/2, and JNK, suggesting that three lipids from H. aurantium tunic provide anti-inflammatory effects through NF-κB and MAPK signaling. These results indicate that H. aurantium is a potential source for anti-inflammation.
海鞘是一种海洋生物，被认为是生物功能材料的有前途的来源。从海鞘被囊中提取总脂质，然后将其分离为中性脂质、糖脂和磷脂。本研究调查了三种脂质的脂肪酸组成及其在 RAW264.7 细胞中的抗炎作用。在脂质类别中，与糖脂和中性脂质相比，磷脂显示出脂肪酸成分的多样性。三种脂质根据脂质的种类含有不同含量的脂肪酸。含量最多的是饱和脂肪酸 (SFAs，占脂肪酸的 53-69%) 和单不饱和脂肪酸 (MUFAs，占脂肪酸的 15-17%) 和多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFAs，占脂肪酸的 14-32%)。海鞘脂质不仅剂量依赖性地抑制一氧化氮的产生，而且还降低了 LPS 刺激的巨噬细胞中炎症细胞因子基因 TNF-α、IL-1β 和 IL-6 的表达。还证明 COX-2 的表达被剂量依赖性地抑制。此外，海鞘脂质减少了 NF-κB p-65、p38、ERK1/2 和 JNK 的磷酸化，表明海鞘被囊中提取的三种脂质通过 NF-κB 和 MAPK 信号通路发挥抗炎作用。这些结果表明海鞘是一种具有抗炎潜力的来源。
