Department of Manufacturing, Textile and Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.
African Centre of Excellence II in Phytochemical, Textile and Renewable Energy (ACE II-PTRE), Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2022 Aug 6;2022:2599467. doi: 10.1155/2022/2599467. eCollection 2022.
We live in a world that is completely dependent on energy; thus, humankind can no longer live without power. With electricity being the main form of energy today, this has increased the complexity of our life today. In Uganda, electricity generation is mainly through hydropower, which puts the country in the bottleneck of overdependence on one source of energy. There are many energy systems out there that the country can use to diversify its electricity generation. Therefore, the need to understand the level of development and utilization of various energy systems has been the underlying question for this present study. A comprehensive literature survey was conducted using electronic databases, including ScienceDirect, Wiley, Sage, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, and Google Scholar. The publications in the form of reports, conference papers, working papers, discussion papers, journal articles, book sections, and textbooks were considered in this study. In total, 11 energy systems, including human and animal energy, solid biomass (firewood), hydropower, wind, geothermal, solar, nuclear, peat, coal, petroleum, and nonsolid biomass (methanol, hydrogen, ethanol, biodiesel, and biogas), are described. The current and future development and utilization of these energy systems have been described. The challenges for developing and utilizing these systems were elaborated on, and the solutions for their challenges were presented. Hydropower from the Nile River, being the main river for large hydropower plant construction, is the dominant energy system in Uganda. Nuclear energy will be the salvation for the country's electric energy supply in the near future. Therefore, Uganda needs to bet big on nuclear energy.
我们生活在一个完全依赖能源的世界里；因此，人类的生活已经离不开电了。由于当今的主要能源形式是电力，这增加了我们今天生活的复杂性。在乌干达，发电主要依靠水力发电，这使得该国过度依赖单一能源。有许多能源系统可供该国使用，以实现发电的多样化。因此，了解各种能源系统的发展和利用水平一直是本研究的基本问题。本研究使用电子数据库（包括 ScienceDirect、Wiley、Sage、Scopus、Taylor & Francis 和 Google Scholar）进行了全面的文献调查。本研究考虑了报告、会议论文、工作文件、讨论文件、期刊文章、图书章节和教科书等形式的出版物。总共描述了 11 种能源系统，包括人体和动物能源、固体生物质（薪材）、水力发电、风能、地热能、太阳能、核能、泥炭、煤炭、石油和非固体生物质（甲醇、氢气、乙醇、生物柴油和沼气）。描述了这些能源系统的当前和未来的开发和利用情况。阐述了开发和利用这些系统所面临的挑战，并提出了针对这些挑战的解决方案。尼罗河的水力发电是大型水电站建设的主要河流，是乌干达的主要能源系统。核能将是该国近期电力供应的救星。因此，乌干达需要大力押注核能。
