Cifuentes-González Carlos, Uribe-Reina Pilar, Reyes-Guanes Juliana, Muñoz-Ortiz Juliana, Muñoz-Vargas Paula Tatiana, Rojas-Carabali William, Nova-Florián Dora Victoria, De-Los-Ríos Ana Sofía, Mantilla-Hernández Rubén Dario, de-la-Torre Alejandra
Neuroscience Research Group (NEUROS), Neurovitae Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
Fundación Para la Investigación En Dermatología y Reumatología (FUNINDERMA), Bogotá, Colombia.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2022 Aug 9;16:2477-2490. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S361243. eCollection 2022.
Ocular involvement is frequent in autoimmune diseases and even can be the first manifestation. There are multiple descriptions in the literature around the world regarding this topic. However, we evidenced a lack of studies analyzing the relationship between the ocular manifestations and systemic biomarkers, especially in Latinamerica. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between the positivity of inflammatory biomarkers and the ocular manifestations in a Colombian cohort of rheumatological patients.
We conducted an observational, descriptive, non-comparative cross-sectional study in a rheumatology center, in Bogotá, Colombia, from 2013 to 2019. We calculated a sample size of 797 patients to assess the prevalence of ocular manifestations and inflammatory biomarkers. We performed univariate analyses for categorical and continuous variables and bivariate analyses using the Chi-square and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.
Women represented 84% of the population, and the mean age was 54.61± 15.64 years. Of 797 patients, 21.45% reported one or more ophthalmological diagnoses, being keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) the most common (15.93%), followed by uveitis, and cataract (1.38%, each one). Regarding ophthalmological symptoms, 35% presented at least one, being dry eye sensation (DE) the most common (30.86%), followed by ocular pain (2.76%), red eye, and decreased visual acuity (2.63%, each one). The antibodies or inflammatory biomarkers most frequently found were antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) (35.3%), C-reactive protein (28.7%), and rheumatoid factor (27.9%). We found statistical associations between consumption of complement 3, anti-CCP, anti-RO, and anti-LA antibodies with ocular manifestations such as photophobia, DE, conjunctivitis, KCS, uveitis, retinal vasculitis, and maculopathy.
Ocular manifestations are frequently found in patients with positive antibodies and inflammatory biomarkers. Our results suggest antibodies and inflammatory molecules could be biomarkers for ocular manifestations in patients with rheumatological diseases. This study provides the basis for future longitudinal studies.
眼部受累在自身免疫性疾病中很常见，甚至可能是首发表现。世界各地的文献中有关于这一主题的多种描述。然而，我们发现缺乏分析眼部表现与全身生物标志物之间关系的研究，尤其是在拉丁美洲。因此，本研究旨在探讨哥伦比亚一组风湿病患者中炎症生物标志物阳性与眼部表现之间的关系。
2013年至2019年，我们在哥伦比亚波哥大的一个风湿病中心进行了一项观察性、描述性、非对比性横断面研究。我们计算出797名患者的样本量，以评估眼部表现和炎症生物标志物的患病率。我们对分类变量和连续变量进行了单变量分析，并对分类变量使用卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验进行了双变量分析。
女性占总人群的84%，平均年龄为54.61±15.64岁。在797名患者中，21.45%报告有一项或多项眼科诊断，其中干燥性角结膜炎（KCS）最为常见（15.93%），其次是葡萄膜炎和白内障（各占1.38%）。关于眼科症状，35%的患者至少有一种症状，其中干眼感觉（DE）最为常见（30.86%），其次是眼痛（2.76%）、眼红和视力下降（各占2.63%）。最常发现的抗体或炎症生物标志物是抗核抗体（ANA）（35.3%）、C反应蛋白（28.7%）和类风湿因子（27.9%）。我们发现补体3、抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体、抗RO抗体和抗LA抗体的消耗与畏光、干眼、结膜炎、KCS、葡萄膜炎、视网膜血管炎和黄斑病变等眼部表现之间存在统计学关联。
抗体和炎症生物标志物阳性的患者中经常发现眼部表现。我们的结果表明，抗体和炎症分子可能是风湿病患者眼部表现的生物标志物。本研究为未来的纵向研究提供了基础。
