Xie Yunchuan, Fan Xing, Li Xinyi, Zhang Ying, Zhang Zhicheng, Huang Xingyi
School of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710049, China.
Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation & Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2022 Aug 24;24(33):19624-19633. doi: 10.1039/d2cp02783f.
Polymer nanodielectrics with high breakdown strength (), high energy density () and low energy loss have great potential to be used as capacitive energy storage materials of high-voltage film capacitors in modern electrical and electronic equipment, such as smart grids, new energy vehicles and pulse powered weapons. Usually, inorganic nanoparticles with high dielectric constant () are added into a high polymer matrix to achieve simultaneously enhanced and , thus leading to nanodielectrics with high . However, this strategy was seriously hampered by the uneven distribution of electric fields and inhomogeneous microstructures of the multi-phased nanodielectrics until increasing research work was focused on interface engineering. Recent progress in nanocomposites suggests that interface engineering plays a critical role in regulating the polarization and breakdown behaviors of the nanodielectrics, such as balancing and , enhancing and energy discharge efficiency (). This article highlights the recent advances in the interface engineering of polymer nanodielectrics, including theoretical models, interface engineering strategies, and the latest characterization and fabrication techniques of high performance nanodielectrics. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in the interface engineering of the nanodielectrics in film capacitors are discussed and predicted from a practical point of view.
具有高击穿强度（）、高能量密度（）和低能量损耗的聚合物纳米电介质，在现代电气和电子设备（如智能电网、新能源汽车和脉冲功率武器）中用作高压薄膜电容器的电容性储能材料具有巨大潜力。通常，将具有高介电常数（）的无机纳米粒子添加到高聚物基体中，以同时提高 和 ，从而得到具有高 的纳米电介质。然而，由于多相纳米电介质电场分布不均匀和微观结构不均匀，这一策略受到严重阻碍，直到越来越多的研究工作聚焦于界面工程。纳米复合材料的最新进展表明，界面工程在调节纳米电介质的极化和击穿行为方面起着关键作用，如平衡 和 、提高 和能量放电效率（）。本文重点介绍了聚合物纳米电介质界面工程的最新进展，包括理论模型、界面工程策略以及高性能纳米电介质的最新表征和制备技术。最后，从实际角度讨论并预测了薄膜电容器纳米电介质界面工程面临的挑战和机遇。
