Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
University of Ulsan Foundation for Industry Cooperation, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
Eur Radiol. 2023 Jan;33(1):172-180. doi: 10.1007/s00330-022-09037-2. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
To evaluate the diagnostic performance of 2021 K-TIRADS biopsy criteria for detecting malignant thyroid nodules in a pediatric population, making comparisons with 2016 K-TIRADS.
This retrospective study included pediatric patients with histopathologically confirmed diagnoses. The diagnostic performance of 2021 K-TIRADS was compared with that of 2016 K-TIRADS. Simulation studies were performed by changing biopsy cut-off sizes for K-TIRADS 5 to 1.0 cm (K-TIRADS) and 0.5 cm (K-TIRADS), and for K-TIRADS 4 to 1.0 cm (K-TIRADS) and 1.0-1.5 cm (K-TIRADS). Subgroup analysis was performed in small (< 1.5 cm) and large nodules (≥ 1.5 cm).
Two hundred seventy-seven thyroid nodules (54.9% malignant) from 221 pediatric patients were analyzed. All simulated 2021 K-TIRADS showed higher accuracy than 2016 K-TIRADS. Compared with 2021 K-TIRADS, 2021 K-TIRADS showed lower specificity (51.6% vs. 47.9%; p = 0.004) but higher sensitivity (77.2% vs. 90.3%; p < 0.001) and accuracy (62.7% vs. 68.9%; p < 0.001). Compared with 2021 K-TIRADS, 2021 K-TIRADS showed higher specificity (44.9% vs. 47.9%; p = 0.018) without significant difference in other diagnostic measures. Compared with 2016 K-TIRADS, 2021 K-TIRADS (biopsy cut-offs, 0.5 cm for K-TIRADS 5; 1.0-1.5 cm for K-TIRADS 4) showed higher sensitivity (34.0% vs. 67.3%; p < 0.001) while maintaining specificity (89.4% vs. 88.2%; p = 0.790) in small nodules, and higher specificity (5.9% vs. 25.4%; p < 0.001) while maintaining sensitivity (100% vs. 98.7%; p = 0.132) in large nodules.
In pediatric patients, 2021 K-TIRADS showed superior diagnostic accuracy to 2016 K-TIRADS, especially with a biopsy cut-off of 0.5 cm for K-TIRADS 5 and 1.0-1.5 cm for K-TIRADS 4.
• All simulated 2021 K-TIRADS showed higher accuracy than 2016 K-TIRADS. • 2021 K-TIRADS with cut-off size for K-TIRADS 5 of 0.5 cm showed lower specificity but higher sensitivity and accuracy than that of 1.0 cm. • Compared with 2016 K-TIRADS, 2021 K-TIRADS (biopsy cut-offs, 0.5 cm for K-TIRADS 5; 1.0-1.5 cm for K-TIRADS 4) showed higher sensitivity while maintaining specificity in small nodules, and higher specificity while maintaining sensitivity in large nodules.
评估 2021 年 K-TIRADS 活检标准在儿科人群中检测恶性甲状腺结节的诊断性能,并与 2016 年 K-TIRADS 进行比较。
本回顾性研究纳入了经组织病理学证实的儿科患者。比较了 2021 年 K-TIRADS 与 2016 年 K-TIRADS 的诊断性能。通过将 K-TIRADS 5 的活检截止大小从 1.0 cm 更改为 0.5 cm(K-TIRADS)和 0.5 cm(K-TIRADS),以及将 K-TIRADS 4 的活检截止大小从 1.0 cm 更改为 1.0-1.5 cm(K-TIRADS),对 2021 年 K-TIRADS 进行了模拟研究。在小(< 1.5 cm)和大(≥ 1.5 cm)结节中进行了亚组分析。
共分析了 221 例儿科患者的 277 个甲状腺结节(54.9%为恶性)。所有模拟的 2021 年 K-TIRADS 显示出比 2016 年 K-TIRADS 更高的准确性。与 2021 年 K-TIRADS 相比,2021 年 K-TIRADS 显示出较低的特异性(51.6% vs. 47.9%;p = 0.004),但具有更高的敏感性(77.2% vs. 90.3%;p < 0.001)和准确性(62.7% vs. 68.9%;p < 0.001)。与 2021 年 K-TIRADS 相比,2021 年 K-TIRADS 显示出更高的特异性(44.9% vs. 47.9%;p = 0.018),而其他诊断措施没有显著差异。与 2016 年 K-TIRADS 相比,2021 年 K-TIRADS(活检截止大小,K-TIRADS 5 为 0.5 cm;K-TIRADS 4 为 1.0-1.5 cm)在小结节中显示出更高的敏感性(34.0% vs. 67.3%;p < 0.001),同时保持特异性(89.4% vs. 88.2%;p = 0.790),在大结节中显示出更高的特异性(5.9% vs. 25.4%;p < 0.001),同时保持敏感性(100% vs. 98.7%;p = 0.132)。
在儿科患者中,2021 年 K-TIRADS 显示出比 2016 年 K-TIRADS 更高的诊断准确性,尤其是 K-TIRADS 5 的活检截止大小为 0.5 cm 和 K-TIRADS 4 的活检截止大小为 1.0-1.5 cm 时。
所有模拟的 2021 年 K-TIRADS 均显示出比 2016 年 K-TIRADS 更高的准确性。
与 1.0 cm 相比,K-TIRADS 5 的截止大小为 0.5 cm 的 2021 年 K-TIRADS 显示出较低的特异性,但具有更高的敏感性和准确性。
与 2016 年 K-TIRADS 相比,2021 年 K-TIRADS(活检截止大小,K-TIRADS 5 为 0.5 cm;K-TIRADS 4 为 1.0-1.5 cm)在小结节中显示出更高的敏感性,同时保持特异性,在大结节中显示出更高的特异性,同时保持敏感性。