Jalil Abduladheem Turki, Abdelbasset Walid Kamal, Shichiyakh Rustem Adamovich, Widjaja Gunawan, Altimari Usama S, Aravindhan Surendar, Thijail Hayfaa Attia, Mustafa Yasser Fakri, Naserabad Saeid Shahbazi
Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq.
Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
Vet Res Commun. 2022 Dec;46(4):1063-1074. doi: 10.1007/s11259-022-09970-z. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
There are many reports on the deleterious effects of herbicides on aquatic organisms which lead to tremendous biological, environmental and economical damage. In this regard, in the present study, the protective effect of summer savory (Satureja hortensis) essential oil (SEO) against pretilachlor, one of the most used herbicides was investigated in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The fish assigned to six treatment groups (T: control treatment; T: 25% LC pretilachlor herbicide; T: 50% LC pretilachlor herbicide; T: 1% SEO; T: 25% LC pretilachlor herbicide + 1% SEO; and T: 25% LC pretilachlor herbicide + 1% SEO) for 21 days. The results showed that the SEO-containing treatments significantly increased the survival rate (SR) (P < 0.05). The highest final weight (FW), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed in the T treatment (P < 0.05). There was a significant increase in glucose (GLU) level in pretilachlor treatments and a significant decrease in SEO-containing treatments compared to the control (P < 0.05). The significantly highest total protein (TP) content was observed in T treatment containing SEO. Cholesterol (CHOL) and triglyceride (TRIG) levels decreased in SEO-containing treatments with the lowest level in T treatment (P < 0.05). Alternative complement pathway activity (ACH), activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GP) showed an increasing trend in SEO-containing treatments with the highest level in T treatment (P < 0.05). The activity of liver enzymes showed a significantly lowest level in T treatment. To conclude, our findings revealed that the use of SEO in fish exposed to pretilachlor herbicide could improve growth, strengthen the immune system and exert a protective effect on common carp.
有许多关于除草剂对水生生物有害影响的报告，这些影响会导致巨大的生物、环境和经济损害。在这方面，在本研究中，研究了夏香薄荷（Satureja hortensis）精油（SEO）对鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）中最常用的除草剂之一丙草胺的保护作用。将鱼分为六个处理组（T：对照处理；T：25%丙草胺除草剂的致死浓度；T：50%丙草胺除草剂的致死浓度；T：1% SEO；T：25%丙草胺除草剂的致死浓度 + 1% SEO；以及T：50%丙草胺除草剂的致死浓度 + 1% SEO），处理21天。结果表明，含SEO的处理显著提高了存活率（SR）（P < 0.05）。在T处理组中观察到最高的终末体重（FW）、特定生长率（SGR）和饲料转化率（FCR）（P < 0.05）。与对照组相比，丙草胺处理组的葡萄糖（GLU）水平显著升高，含SEO的处理组显著降低（P < 0.05）。在含SEO的T处理组中观察到显著最高的总蛋白（TP）含量。含SEO的处理组中胆固醇（CHOL）和甘油三酯（TRIG）水平降低，T处理组中水平最低（P < 0.05）。替代补体途径活性（ACH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GP）的活性水平在含SEO的处理组中呈上升趋势，T处理组中水平最高（P < 0.05）。肝酶活性在T处理组中显著最低。总之，我们的研究结果表明，在暴露于丙草胺除草剂的鱼类中使用SEO可以改善生长、增强免疫系统并对鲤鱼发挥保护作用。
