State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 201602, China.
Cell Rep. 2022 Aug 16;40(7):111236. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111236.
The widely cultivated medicinal and ornamental plant sage (Salvia officinalis L.) is an evergreen shrub of the Lamiaceae family, native to the Mediterranean. We assembled a high-quality sage genome of 480 Mb on seven chromosomes, and identified a biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) encoding two pairs of diterpene synthases (diTPSs) that, together with the cytochromes P450 (CYPs) genes located inside and outside the cluster, form two expression cascades responsible for the shoot and root diterpenoids, respectively, thus extending BGC functionality from co-regulation to orchestrating metabolite production in different organs. Phylogenomic analysis indicates that the Salvia clades diverged in the early Miocene. In East Asia, most Salvia species are herbaceous and accumulate diterpenoids in storage roots. Notably, in Chinese sage S. miltiorrhiza, the diterpene BGC has contracted and the shoot cascade has been lost. Our data provide genomic insights of micro-evolution of growth type-associated patterning of specialized metabolite production in plants.
被广泛种植的药用和观赏植物鼠尾草（Salvia officinalis L.）是唇形科的一种常绿灌木，原产于地中海地区。我们组装了一个高质量的 480Mb 大小的鼠尾草基因组，共有 7 条染色体，并鉴定出一个生物合成基因簇（BGC），该基因簇编码两对二萜合酶（diTPSs），与位于基因簇内外的细胞色素 P450（CYPs）基因一起，形成两个表达级联，分别负责茎和根中的二萜类化合物的合成，从而将 BGC 的功能从共同调控扩展到协调不同器官中的代谢产物的合成。系统基因组学分析表明，鼠尾草属的各个分支在中新世早期就已经分化。在东亚，大多数鼠尾草物种是草本植物，在其贮藏根中积累二萜类化合物。值得注意的是，在中国的丹参（S. miltiorrhiza）中，二萜 BGC 已经收缩，茎的级联反应也已经丢失。我们的数据为植物中与生长类型相关的特化代谢产物合成的模式的微进化提供了基因组见解。
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