College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China.
College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Dec 1;850:158057. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158057. Epub 2022 Aug 14.
The spread of microbial antibiotic resistance has seriously threatened public health globally. Non-antibiotic stressors have significantly contributed to the evolution of bacterial antibiotic resistance. Although numerous studies have been conducted on the potential risk of pesticide pollution for bacterial antibiotic resistance, a systematic review of these concerns is still lacking. In the present study, we elaborate the mechanism underlying the effects of pesticides on bacterial antibiotic resistance acquisition as well as the propagation of antimicrobial resistance. Pesticide stress enhanced the acquisition of antibiotic resistance in bacteria via various mechanisms, including the activation of efflux pumps, inhibition of outer membrane pores for resistance to antibiotics, and gene mutation induction. Horizontal gene transfer is a major mechanism whereby pesticides influence the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteria. Pesticides promoted the conjugation transfer of ARGs by increasing cell membrane permeability and increased the proportion of bacterial mobile gene elements, which facilitate the spread of ARGs. This review can improve our understanding regarding the pesticide-induced generation and spread of ARGs and antibiotic resistant bacteria. Moreover, it can be applied to reduce the ecological risks of ARGs in the future.
微生物抗生素耐药性的传播已经严重威胁到全球公共健康。非抗生素压力因素极大地促进了细菌抗生素耐药性的进化。尽管已经有大量研究探讨了农药污染对细菌抗生素耐药性的潜在风险，但仍缺乏对此类问题的系统综述。在本研究中，我们详细阐述了农药影响细菌获得抗生素耐药性以及抗生素耐药性传播的机制。农药胁迫通过多种机制增强了细菌对抗生素的耐药性获得，包括激活外排泵、抑制抗生素耐药的外膜孔以及诱导基因突变。水平基因转移是农药影响细菌中抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）传播的主要机制。农药通过增加细胞膜通透性和增加细菌移动基因元件的比例来促进 ARGs 的接合转移，从而促进 ARGs 的传播。本综述可以提高我们对农药诱导 ARGs 和抗生素耐药菌产生和传播的认识，并且可以应用于未来减少 ARGs 的生态风险。
