Aloui A, Maoua M, El Guedri S, Moussa A, Bouhoula M, Chouchene A, Kacem I, Brahem A, Ghariani N, Kalboussi H, El Maalel O, Chatti S, Denguezli M, Mrizek N
Occupational Medicine Department, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.
Dermatology Departement, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.
Dermatol Res Pract. 2022 Aug 8;2022:6768932. doi: 10.1155/2022/6768932. eCollection 2022.
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common occupational disease. Its diagnosis is essentially based on interrogation and patch tests. However, commercially available batteries are sometimes not appropriate for the working conditions and the handled products, which must then be tested. In Tunisia, no previous study has focused on the contribution of patch tests with handled products in the workplace. The objective of this study is to establish the sociodemographic and occupational profile of the patients benefiting from patch tests with handled products in the workplace to identify the characteristics of these products as well as to evaluate the relevance of their positivity and their contributions in terms of aetiological diagnosis of occupational ACD.
This is a retrospective descriptive epidemiological study conducted for a period of 10 years from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2015, among patients exercising a professional activity and consulting the Dermato-Allergology Unit of the Occupational Medicine ward of the University Hospital Farhat Hached of Sousse for the exploration of ACD.
During the study period, 113 patients received patch tests of handled products in the workplace with a prevalence of 7.3% of patch-tested patients during the same period. The mean age was 35.79 ± 9.45 years with a male predominance (sex ratio = 1.35). The most represented activity sectors were the health sector in 30.1% and the textile sector in 21.2%. The majority of patients were professionally active (61.9% of the study population) with an average professional seniority of 10.28 ± 8.49 months. In total, 138 patch tests with handled products were carried out of which 46 tests were positive (33.3%). After the analytical study, variables independently significantly associated with the positivity of patch tests with handled products in the workplace were the male gender and the working in the plastics industry. An occupational disease was declared to the National Health Insurance Fund for 8 patients, i.e., 7.1% of cases.
Patch tests with handled products in the workplace can provide strong arguments for the professional origin of the ACD.
过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）是一种常见的职业病。其诊断主要基于问诊和斑贴试验。然而，市售的试验材料有时并不适用于工作条件和所接触的产品，因此必须对这些产品进行测试。在突尼斯，此前尚无研究关注 workplace 中接触产品的斑贴试验的作用。本研究的目的是确定在 workplace 中接受接触产品斑贴试验的患者的社会人口统计学和职业概况，以识别这些产品的特征，并评估其阳性结果的相关性及其在职业性 ACD 病因诊断方面的作用。
这是一项回顾性描述性流行病学研究，从2006年1月1日至2015年12月31日，为期10年，研究对象为从事职业活动并前往苏塞法哈特·哈谢德大学医院职业医学科皮肤科过敏科就诊以排查 ACD 的患者。
在研究期间，113名患者在 workplace 接受了接触产品的斑贴试验，占同期接受斑贴试验患者的7.3%。平均年龄为35.79±9.45岁，男性占主导（性别比 = 1.35）。占比最高的活动领域是卫生部门，占30.1%，纺织部门占21.2%。大多数患者处于职业活动期（占研究人群的61.9%），平均职业工龄为10.28±8.49个月。总共进行了138次接触产品的斑贴试验，其中46次试验呈阳性（33.3%）。经过分析研究，与 workplace 接触产品斑贴试验阳性结果独立显著相关的变量是男性性别和在塑料行业工作。有8名患者向国家健康保险基金申报了职业病，即占病例的7.1%。
在 workplace 中对接触产品进行斑贴试验可为 ACD 的职业起源提供有力依据。
