College of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
GM Crops Food. 2022 Dec 31;13(1):196-217. doi: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2106111.
Global climate changes cause extreme temperatures and a significant reduction in crop production, leading to food insecurity worldwide. Temperature extremes (including both heat and cold stresses) is one of the most limiting factors in plant growth and development and severely affect plant physiology, biochemical, and molecular processes. Biostimulants like melatonin (MET) have a multifunctional role that acts as a "defense molecule" to safeguard plants against the noxious effects of temperature stress. MET treatment improves plant growth and temperature tolerance by improving several defense mechanisms. Current research also suggests that MET interacts with other molecules, like phytohormones and gaseous molecules, which greatly supports plant adaptation to temperature stress. Genetic engineering via overexpression or CRISPR/Cas system of MET biosynthetic genes uplifts the MET levels in transgenic plants and enhances temperature stress tolerance. This review highlights the critical role of MET in plant production and tolerance against temperature stress. We have documented how MET interacts with other molecules to alleviate temperature stress. MET-mediated molecular breeding would be great potential in helping the adverse effects of temperature stress by creating transgenic plants.
全球气候变化导致极端温度和作物产量大幅减少，从而导致全球粮食不安全。温度极端（包括热应激和冷应激）是植物生长和发育的最限制因素之一，严重影响植物的生理、生化和分子过程。生物刺激素，如褪黑素（MET），具有多功能作用，作为一种“防御分子”，保护植物免受温度胁迫的有害影响。MET 处理通过改善几种防御机制来提高植物的生长和温度耐受性。目前的研究还表明，MET 与其他分子（如植物激素和气体分子）相互作用，这极大地支持了植物对温度胁迫的适应。通过过表达或 CRISPR/Cas 系统对 MET 生物合成基因进行基因工程，可提高转基因植物中的 MET 水平，增强对温度胁迫的耐受性。本综述强调了 MET 在植物生产和耐受温度胁迫中的关键作用。我们已经记录了 MET 如何与其他分子相互作用以减轻温度胁迫。通过创建转基因植物，MET 介导的分子育种将在帮助缓解温度胁迫的不利影响方面具有巨大潜力。
