Department of Geography, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, Wuhan 430074, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 13;20(6):5069. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20065069.
The South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWD) in China is a trans-basin water transfer project for water resource optimization that affects ecosystem services functions along its main transfer line. Exploring the effects of land-use change on ecosystem services in the headwater and receiving areas along the SNWD is conducive to improving the protection of the surrounding ecological environment. However, previous research lacks a comparative analysis of ecosystem services values (ESVs) in these areas. In this study, the land-use dynamic degree index, land-use transfer matrix, and spatial analysis method were used to comparatively analyze the impact of land-use changes on ESVs in the headwater and receiving areas of the SNWD. The results show that cultivated land was the main land use type in the receiving areas and HAER. From 2000 to 2020, CLUDD in the headwater areas was faster than that in the receiving areas. Spatially, in general, the land-use change areas of the receiving areas were larger. During the study period, cultivated land in the headwater areas of the middle route mainly transferred to water areas and forestry areas, while built-up areas mainly occupied cultivated land in the headwater areas of the east route, receiving areas of the middle route, and receiving areas of the east route. From 2000 to 2020, the ESV increased only in the headwater areas of the middle route, while the ESV in the other three sections decreased. The variation extent of ESV in the receiving areas was greater than that in the headwater areas. The results of this study have important policy significance for land use and ecological protection in the headwater and receiving areas of the SNWD in the future.
中国南水北调工程是一项为优化水资源配置而进行的跨流域调水工程，它影响着主调水线路沿线的生态系统服务功能。探讨南水北调工程水源区和受水区土地利用变化对生态系统服务功能的影响，有利于改善周边生态环境的保护。然而，以往的研究缺乏对这些地区生态系统服务价值（ESV）的对比分析。本研究采用土地利用动态程度指数、土地利用转移矩阵和空间分析方法，对比分析了南水北调工程水源区和受水区土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响。结果表明，受水区和海拉尔区的主要土地利用类型是耕地。2000 年至 2020 年，南水北调工程水源区的 CLUDD 增长速度快于受水区。从空间上看，总的来说，受水区的土地利用变化面积较大。研究期间，南水北调工程水源区的耕地主要向水域和林地转移，而建设用地主要占用南水北调工程水源区东、中、西线路的耕地。2000 年至 2020 年，仅南水北调工程水源区的 ESV 增加，而其他三个部分的 ESV 减少。受水区 ESV 的变化程度大于水源区。本研究结果对未来南水北调工程水源区和受水区的土地利用和生态保护具有重要的政策意义。
