University of Groningen.
Sabanci University.
Behav Ther. 2022 Sep;53(5):793-806. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2022.01.001. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
Bereavement can precipitate symptoms of depression, prolonged grief disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Targeting repetitive negative thought (i.e., worry, rumination) in treatment may help reduce post-loss psychopathology. Yet, evidence on longitudinal associations of depressive rumination and worry with post-loss psychopathology symptoms has been mixed and the directions of effects are still unclear. Recently bereaved adults (78% female) completed questionnaires assessing depressive rumination (brooding), worry, and depression, prolonged grief and posttraumatic stress symptoms 11 times in 1.5 month intervals. We applied random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RICLPMs) to examine reciprocal within-person associations between worry and psychopathology symptoms, between rumination and these symptoms, and between worry and rumination. Main findings were that worry showed reciprocal relationships with psychopathology symptoms (although worry did not consistently predict prolonged grief symptoms). Depressive rumination was predicted by psychopathology symptoms, but not vice versa. Worry showed reciprocal relations with depressive rumination. Findings suggest that worry may be part of a downward spiral, enhancing psychopathology symptoms following loss, whereas depressive rumination is solely a consequence of such symptoms.
丧亲可能会引发抑郁、持续性悲伤障碍和创伤后应激障碍的症状。在治疗中针对重复的消极思维（即担忧、沉思）可能有助于减少失去亲人后的心理病理学。然而，关于抑郁性沉思和担忧与失去亲人后的心理病理学症状之间的纵向关联的证据喜忧参半，其影响的方向仍不清楚。最近丧亲的成年人（78%为女性）在 1.5 个月的间隔内完成了 11 次问卷，评估了抑郁性沉思（沉思）、担忧和抑郁、持续性悲伤和创伤后应激症状。我们应用随机截距交叉滞后面板模型（RICLPM）来检验担忧和心理病理学症状之间、沉思和这些症状之间以及担忧和沉思之间的个体内相互关联。主要发现是担忧与心理病理学症状呈相互关系（尽管担忧并不总是预测持续性悲伤症状）。抑郁性沉思受心理病理学症状的预测，但反之则不然。担忧与抑郁性沉思呈相互关系。研究结果表明，担忧可能是一个下降螺旋的一部分，在失去亲人后会加剧心理病理学症状，而抑郁性沉思则仅仅是这些症状的结果。
