School of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico.
Behav Processes. 2022 Sep;201:104732. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2022.104732. Epub 2022 Aug 18.
Previous studies on hierarchical resurgence produced mixed results regarding the order and magnitude of recurrence of responses trained initially (primacy effect) or more recently (recency effect). Although changes in contextual stimuli could explain such differences, in resurgence procedures contextual stimuli are not commonly presented, thus their effects on multiple operants trained sequentially remain unclear. Renewal procedures, in contrast, have been useful to determine the effects of exteroceptive contextual stimuli on response recurrence. Thus, primacy and recency effects were studied using a renewal procedure in which three contexts were presented sequentially. Lever presses by rats were reinforced on a different lever under each training context and were then exposed to extinction in a different context. Presses on a fourth lever were never reinforced. During renewal testing, the three training contexts were presented in the same or inverse order relative to training. A strong primacy effect was found in rats exposed to the original training order. Both primacy and recency effects were found when the rats were exposed to contexts in inverse order. These results suggest that the magnitude of renewal of hierarchically trained responses is affected by training order and order of presentation of contextual stimuli during testing.
先前关于层次复燃的研究在最初（优先效应）或最近（近因效应）训练的反应的顺序和幅度方面产生了混合结果。虽然上下文刺激的变化可以解释这些差异，但在复燃程序中通常不呈现上下文刺激，因此它们对顺序训练的多种操作性反应的影响尚不清楚。相比之下，更新程序对于确定外感受性上下文刺激对反应复燃的影响很有用。因此，使用顺序呈现三个上下文的更新程序研究了优先和近因效应。在每种训练环境下，大鼠的压杆操作都会在不同的压杆上得到强化，然后在不同的环境中暴露于消退。第四根压杆上的按压从未得到强化。在更新测试中，三个训练环境相对于训练以相同或相反的顺序呈现。在暴露于原始训练顺序的大鼠中发现了强烈的优先效应。当大鼠暴露于相反顺序的环境中时，发现了优先和近因效应。这些结果表明，分层训练反应的更新幅度受到训练顺序和测试中上下文刺激呈现顺序的影响。
