Soutas-Little R W, Beavis G C, Verstraete M C, Markus T L
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1987 Jun;19(3):285-93.
The amount and rate of pronation and supination have been the subject of interest to runners for some time. Exact determination of the motions has been hampered by their complexities and use of a two-dimensional data collection protocol. "Rearfoot motion," measured by determining the projection of the angle between a line on the posterior of the shank and a line on the heel, has been a common approach. This projection measures a rotation about a laboratory axis and not a body segment axis and has a potential of error due to projection onto a plane. The angle measured in rearfoot motion is not the true angle between these lines in space and has projection distortion errors which are compounded during plantar and dorsiflexion and medial and lateral foot rotations. The rearfoot motion angle, however, does approximate foot inversion-eversion during much of stance phase. The proposed change in research protocol allows analysis of the three-dimensional position data of targets to construct a "joint coordinate system" which gives more accurate data on inversion-eversion and data on plantar-dorsiflexion and medial-lateral rotation of the foot. This analysis may allow the examination of measurable differences between individuals and running shoes of various design.
一段时间以来，旋前和旋后的幅度及速率一直是跑步者感兴趣的话题。由于这些运动的复杂性以及二维数据收集方案的使用，对其运动的精确测定受到了阻碍。通过确定小腿后部的一条线与脚跟的一条线之间的角度投影来测量“后足运动”，这是一种常用的方法。这种投影测量的是绕实验室轴的旋转，而不是身体节段轴的旋转，并且由于投影到平面上而存在误差的可能性。后足运动中测量的角度不是这些线在空间中的真实角度，并且存在投影畸变误差，这些误差在跖屈和背屈以及足的内翻和外翻旋转过程中会叠加。然而，后足运动角度在站立阶段的大部分时间内确实近似于足的内翻-外翻。所提议的研究方案的改变允许对目标的三维位置数据进行分析，以构建一个“关节坐标系”，该坐标系能提供关于内翻-外翻的更准确数据以及关于足的跖屈-背屈和内翻-外翻旋转的数据。这种分析可能有助于研究不同个体和各种设计的跑鞋之间可测量的差异。
