Thurston Graham S, Slater Alison, Nei Inna, Roberts Josie, McLachlan Hamilton Karen, Sweeney Jon D, Kimoto Troy
Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 960 Carling Avenue, Building 18, Ottawa, ON K1A 0Y9, Canada.
Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 4N9, Canada.
Insects. 2022 Aug 6;13(8):708. doi: 10.3390/insects13080708.
The arrival and establishment of adventive, invasive forest insects are a threat to the health, diversity, and productivity of forests in Canada and the world at large, and their early detection is essential for successful eradication and management. For that reason, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) conducts annual surveys at high risk sites such as international ports and freight terminals, industrial zones, and disposal sites for solid wood packaging material using two methods: (1) semiochemical-baited traps deployed in a total of about 63-80 sites per year in British Columbia (BC), Ontario (ON), Quebec (QC), New Brunswick (NB), Nova Scotia (NS), and Newfoundland and Labrador (NL); and (2) rearing of insects from bolts collected from stressed trees and incubated in modified shipping containers in four cities (Vancouver, Toronto, Montreal, and Halifax). We report 31 new Canadian provincial records of Coleoptera from surveys conducted in 2011-2021, including 13 new records for Canada and 9 species adventive to North America (indicated by †). Nine of the new Canadian records were native North American species previously detected only south of the border. All but three species belong to the Curculionidae family and most of these were in the subfamily Scolytinae. The records include: (LeConte) (Canada, BC) (Buprestidae: Buprestinae); (Fabricius) (BC) (Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae); (Pallas) (Canada, BC) (Bostrichidae: Bostrichinae); (Germar)† (ON) (Curculionidae: Curculioninae); (Germar)† (Canada, ON); (LeConte) (ON) (Curculionidae: Baridinae); LeConte (Canada, ON) (Curculionidae: Conoderinae); LeConte (ON); Van Dyke (ON); Casey (Canada, BC); (Boheman) (Canada, ON); (Boheman) (Canada, ON) (Curculionidae: Cossoninae); (Forster)† (NB) (Curculionidae: Entiminae); (Germar) (ON) (Curculionidae: Molytinae); Stark† (Canada, ON, QC); LeConte (Canada, ON); (Eichhoff)† (Canada, ON, QC); LeConte (QC); Eichhoff (QC); (Hopkins) (Canada, ON); Wood (BC); (Herbst)† (Canada, ON); (Bechstein)† (BC); Semenov† (QC); (LeConte) (Canada, ON); Hopkins (QC); Blackman (NFLB); and (Motschulsky)† (BC, QC) (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). We also provide additional data confirming the presence of the adventive Erichson† in NS. Rearing of insects from bolts accounted for two new records (, ) and trapping accounted for the remainder. These surveys not only assist our efforts to manage forest insects by documenting new species introductions and apparent range expansions but also increase our knowledge of biodiversity.
外来入侵性森林昆虫的到来和定殖对加拿大乃至全球森林的健康、多样性和生产力构成威胁，对其进行早期检测对于成功根除和管理至关重要。因此，加拿大食品检验局（CFIA）使用两种方法在国际港口和货运站、工业区以及实木包装材料处理场等高风险地点进行年度调查：（1）每年在不列颠哥伦比亚省（BC）、安大略省（ON）、魁北克省（QC）、新不伦瑞克省（NB）、新斯科舍省（NS）和纽芬兰与拉布拉多省（NL）共约63 - 80个地点部署信息素诱捕器；（2）从受胁迫树木采集的原木中饲养昆虫，并在四个城市（温哥华、多伦多、蒙特利尔和哈利法克斯）的改良运输容器中孵化。我们报告了2011 - 2021年调查中发现的31种鞘翅目昆虫的加拿大新省级记录，其中包括13种加拿大新记录以及9种北美外来物种（用†表示）。9种加拿大新记录是此前仅在美国边境以南发现过的北美本土物种。除了3个物种外，其余均属于象甲科，且大多数属于小蠹亚科。这些记录包括：（勒孔特）（加拿大，BC）（吉丁甲科：吉丁甲亚科）；（法布尔）（BC）（天牛科：天牛亚科）；（帕拉斯）（加拿大，BC）（长蠹科：长蠹亚科）；（杰马尔）†（ON）（象甲科：象甲亚科）；（杰马尔）†（加拿大，ON）；（勒孔特）（ON）（象甲科：隐喙象亚科）；勒孔特（加拿大，ON）（象甲科：皱胸象亚科）；勒孔特（ON）；范戴克（ON）；凯西（加拿大，BC）；（博赫曼）（加拿大，ON）；（博赫曼）（加拿大，ON）（象甲科：椰象亚科）；（福斯特）†（NB）（象甲科：扁甲亚科）；（杰马尔）（ON）（象甲科：木蠹象亚科）；斯塔克†（加拿大，ON，QC）；勒孔特（加拿大，ON）；（艾希霍夫）†（加拿大，ON，QC）；勒孔特（QC）；艾希霍夫（QC）；（霍普金斯）（加拿大，ON）；伍德（BC）；（赫布斯特）†（加拿大，ON）；（贝希施泰因）†（BC）；谢苗诺夫†（QC）；（勒孔特）（加拿大，ON）；霍普金斯（QC）；布莱克曼（NFLB）；以及（莫施尔斯基）†（BC，QC）（象甲科：小蠹亚科）。我们还提供了额外数据，证实外来的埃里克森†在NS存在。从原木中饲养昆虫产生了2个新记录（，），其余记录来自诱捕。这些调查不仅通过记录新物种引入和明显的分布范围扩大来协助我们管理森林昆虫的工作，还增加了我们对生物多样性的了解。
