Storli Lise, Aune Morten Andreas, Lorås Håvard
Department of Sport Science, Sport and Human Movement Science Research Group (SaHMS), Nord University, 7600 Bodø, Norway.
Department of Teacher Education, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Sports (Basel). 2022 Aug 15;10(8):123. doi: 10.3390/sports10080123.
The developmental pathways of athletes with a physical disability into world-class parasport are much less researched and understood compared to able-bodied athletes' participation histories. The purpose of this study was to investigate the developmental pathways of para-athletes toward elite performance. Data from eight athletes with physical disabilities ranked among the top performers in Paralympics, World Championships, and/or European Championships were gathered. Thematic analysis of retrospective semi-structured interviews led to the identification of four themes. The findings showed the importance of early childhood sport-related encounters in a family environment followed by sampling of various organized and coach-led sports throughout the childhood period. The youth sport period was highly heterogenous, albeit with important transitions towards elite-level practice environments, competition, coaching, equipment adaptability and the first intentions of becoming an elite-level athlete. Throughout, significant contributions are attributed towards parents, friends, coaches, athletes, and others, towards fostering a sustained motivational climate focused on improvement and further progress. These findings could provide useful information to tailor developmental models towards elite-level performance in parasport.
与健全运动员的参赛经历相比，残疾运动员进入世界级残疾人体育赛事的发展路径的研究和了解要少得多。本研究的目的是调查残疾运动员走向卓越表现的发展路径。收集了八名在残奥会、世界锦标赛和/或欧洲锦标赛中名列前茅的残疾运动员的数据。对回顾性半结构化访谈进行主题分析，确定了四个主题。研究结果表明，在家庭环境中早期与体育相关的接触很重要，随后在整个童年时期参与各种有组织、由教练指导的体育运动。青年体育时期高度多样化，尽管向精英水平的训练环境、比赛、教练指导、装备适应性以及成为精英水平运动员的最初意愿有重要转变。在整个过程中，父母、朋友、教练、运动员和其他人都做出了重大贡献，营造了一种持续关注提高和进一步进步的激励氛围。这些研究结果可为制定针对残疾人体育精英水平表现的发展模式提供有用信息。
