Dehghansai Nima, Lemez Srdjan, Wattie Nick, Baker Joseph
1 York University.
2 University of Ontario Institute of Technology.
Adapt Phys Activ Q. 2017 Jan;34(1):72-90. doi: 10.1123/APAQ.2016-0030.
Compared with mainstream sport athletes, relatively little is known regarding the factors affecting the development of athletes with a disability. Sport-specific training programs are essential to athletes' successful performance; to create appropriate programs and strategies, a clear understanding of the nuances of development of athletes with a disability is important. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize existing research on development in athletes with a disability and examine the key determinants of successful development and sporting performance. After a search of the Web of Science and SPORTDiscus databases, 21 articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria, which were assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and categorized into 3 groups: training and practice, shortterm interventions, and long-term changes due to training. Among the studies, there was a disproportionate focus on immediate interventions and training programs and less on long-term development. The review reflected a lack of research on sportspecific development of athletes with a disability, which raises concerns regarding the effectiveness and appropriateness of current training practices.
与主流体育运动员相比，我们对影响残疾运动员发展的因素了解相对较少。特定运动项目的训练计划对运动员的成功表现至关重要；为了制定合适的计划和策略，清楚了解残疾运动员发展的细微差别很重要。本系统综述的目的是综合现有关于残疾运动员发展的研究，并探讨成功发展和运动表现的关键决定因素。在检索科学网和体育文献数据库后，确定了21篇符合纳入标准的文章，这些文章使用混合方法评估工具进行评估，并分为3组：训练与实践、短期干预以及训练带来的长期变化。在这些研究中，对即时干预和训练计划的关注不成比例，而对长期发展的关注较少。该综述反映出对残疾运动员特定运动项目发展的研究不足，这引发了对当前训练实践的有效性和适用性的担忧。
