Scott Justin K, Dix Theodore, Moed Anat, Anderson Edward R, Greene Shannon M
Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin.
School of Education, Bar Ilan University.
Emotion. 2022 Sep;22(6):1294-1306. doi: 10.1037/emo0000909. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Applying theories of emotion to understanding the regulation of aversive parenting, we used microanalytic observational methods to test whether transient changes in a mother's negative emotional reactivity predict changes over time in key parameters of her moment-to-moment aversive behavior: its intensity, variability, persistence, and connection to difficult child inputs. At multiple times over 2 years, 319 divorcing mothers and their 5- to 12-year-old children were observed as they discussed mutual disagreements. Sequences of talk-turns were recorded and coded for affect and content. Relative to days when a mother was low in negative emotional reactivity, on days when she was high she displayed more intensely aversive behavior, more variable aversiveness, more transitions from average to high or low aversiveness, tendencies to remain aversive longer following spikes in her aversiveness, and difficulty maintaining low aversiveness following drops in her aversiveness. As her negative emotional reactivity increased, she went from being relatively unaffected by children's difficult behavior to being aversively reactive; from ceasing aversive sequences increasingly quickly to ceasing aversive sequences increasingly slowly; from deviating more from her nonreactive low-aversive parenting to deviating less from her reactive high-aversive parenting. Independent of stable individual differences in mothers and children, transient variations in mothers' emotional reactivity may correspond to key moment-to-moment parameters of aversive parenting, even when interactions are relatively noncontentious. The data provide a viable account of how initially transient, context-specific reactivity could initiate moment-to-moment changes in aversive patterns that in some families influence problematic family trajectories over time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
将情绪理论应用于理解厌恶型养育方式的调节，我们使用微观分析观察方法来测试母亲负面情绪反应性的短暂变化是否能预测其即时厌恶行为关键参数随时间的变化：厌恶行为的强度、变异性、持续性以及与孩子难相处行为输入的关联。在两年多的时间里，对319位正在离婚的母亲及其5至12岁的孩子进行了多次观察，观察他们讨论相互间分歧的过程。记录谈话轮次序列，并对情感和内容进行编码。与母亲负面情绪反应性较低的日子相比，在其负面情绪反应性较高的日子里，她表现出更强烈的厌恶行为、更高的厌恶行为变异性、更多从平均厌恶水平到高或低厌恶水平的转变、厌恶行为激增后保持厌恶状态更长时间的倾向，以及厌恶行为下降后难以维持低厌恶水平的情况。随着她负面情绪反应性的增加，她从相对不受孩子难相处行为的影响转变为产生厌恶反应；从越来越快地停止厌恶序列转变为越来越慢地停止厌恶序列；从更多地偏离其无反应的低厌恶型养育方式转变为较少地偏离其有反应的高厌恶型养育方式。独立于母亲和孩子稳定的个体差异之外，母亲情绪反应性的短暂变化可能与厌恶型养育方式关键的即时参数相对应，即使互动相对没有争议。这些数据为最初短暂的、特定情境下的反应性如何引发厌恶模式的即时变化提供了一个可行的解释，在某些家庭中，这种变化会随着时间的推移影响有问题的家庭轨迹。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2022美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
