Allison Bernier is Entry-Level Occupational Therapy Doctoral Student, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
Karen Ratcliff, PhD, OTR/L, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
Am J Occup Ther. 2022 Sep 1;76(5). doi: 10.5014/ajot.2022.049320.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological condition characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, and behavior. Occupational therapy practitioners use creative arts interventions for children with ASD, but relevant evidence for these interventions is lacking.
To provide occupational therapists evidence of the benefit of creative arts interventions for children with ASD by evaluating treatment efficacy and connecting the evidence with the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process (4th ed.; OTPF-4).
We searched peer-reviewed articles in six databases: CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, Ovid, PsycInfo, and Scopus. Eighteen articles published between 2000 and 2020 met Level 1b or 2b evidence criteria and were retrieved for full review; 15 were included in this scoping review.
We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to extract data. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Level 1b or 2b study; (2) quantitative data; (3) published in English; (4) population of children (ages <18 yr); (5) primary diagnosis of ASD; and (6) creative arts intervention in the forms of drawing, painting, or coloring; music; or theater.
Creative arts interventions benefited children with ASD in two OTPF-4 areas (process and social interaction) pertaining to the Performance Skills domain and one OTPF-4 area (body functions) pertaining to the Client Factors domain. We found similar effects for group and individual intervention sessions, and significant improvements required multiple sessions.
Our findings provide evidence for the efficacy of creative arts interventions to enhance occupation-based outcomes for children with ASD. What This Article Adds: Our findings support occupational therapy practitioners' use of creative arts interventions to improve OTPF-4-based client factors and process and social interaction skills for children with ASD.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种以社交互动、沟通和行为障碍为特征的神经疾病。职业治疗师为 ASD 儿童使用创意艺术干预，但这些干预措施的相关证据不足。
通过评估治疗效果并将证据与《职业治疗实践框架：领域和过程》（第 4 版；OTPF-4）联系起来，为职业治疗师提供创意艺术干预对 ASD 儿童有益的证据。
我们在六个数据库中搜索了同行评议文章：CINAHL、Cochrane、PubMed、Ovid、PsycInfo 和 Scopus。2000 年至 2020 年期间发表的 18 篇符合 1b 级或 2b 级证据标准的文章被检索出来进行全面审查；其中 15 篇被纳入本范围综述。
我们使用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南提取数据。纳入标准如下：（1）1b 级或 2b 级研究；（2）定量数据；（3）以英文发表；（4）人群为儿童（<18 岁）；（5）ASD 的主要诊断；（6）创意艺术干预形式为绘画、绘画或着色；音乐；或戏剧。
创意艺术干预对 ASD 儿童在与表现技能领域相关的 OTPF-4 两个领域（过程和社交互动）和与客户因素领域相关的 OTPF-4 一个领域（身体功能）中均有益处。我们发现小组和个人干预课程有类似的效果，并且需要多次课程才能取得显著改善。
我们的研究结果为创意艺术干预在增强 ASD 儿童以职业为基础的结果方面的疗效提供了证据。这篇文章的添加内容：我们的研究结果支持职业治疗师使用创意艺术干预来改善 ASD 儿童的 OTPF-4 相关客户因素、过程和社交互动技能。
