NKS Olaviken Gerontopsychiatric Hospital, 5306 Erdal, Norway; Centre for Elderly and Nursing Home Medicine, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009 Bergen, Norway.
Research department, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Sandviksleitet 1, 5036 Bergen, Norway; Center for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Sandviksleitet 1, 5036 Bergen, Norway.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2022 Oct 1;239:109600. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109600. Epub 2022 Aug 9.
Alcohol contributes to substantial economic burden, at both individual and community levels. We investigated the effect of the Early treatment for Women with Alcohol Addiction (EWA) treatment program on sickness leave, income, unemployment and early retirement pension up to 25 years following intake to treatment.
The EWA RCT included 200 women with alcohol use disorder from 1983 to 1984 at the Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden. Participants were randomized to the EWA program, a two-year specialized woman only treatment including psychiatric, interpersonal and family concerns, or treatment as usual (TAU) in a mixed gender setting. We followed the participants in the RCT from 1985 to 2009 through linkage with a national labor market registry and applied latent growth curve modeling to estimate level and change in sickness leave, income, unemployment and early retirement pension.
Relative to TAU, the EWA group had less increase in sickness leave up to 21 years after treatment. Overall, we found no differences in income between treatment groups, yet, a two-year interval analysis showed greater rise in income up to 8 years after treatment for the EWA group. Level and change in unemployment and early retirement pension did not differ between treatment groups.
Gender specific treatment emphasizing psychiatric, interpersonal and family issues for women with alcohol addiction had long-term positive effects on sickness leave and income. These findings complement positive clinical outcomes of the EWA treatment program on drinking patterns, mental health and mortality.
酒精在个人和社区层面都造成了巨大的经济负担。我们研究了早期治疗女性酒精成瘾（EWA）治疗计划对病假、收入、失业和提前退休养老金的影响，这些影响在治疗开始后长达 25 年的时间里都能观察到。
EWA RCT 纳入了 1983 年至 1984 年期间瑞典卡罗林斯卡大学医院的 200 名患有酒精使用障碍的女性。参与者被随机分配到 EWA 计划中，这是一个为期两年的专门针对女性的治疗计划，包括精神科、人际关系和家庭问题，或在混合性别环境中的常规治疗（TAU）。我们从 1985 年到 2009 年通过与国家劳动力市场登记处的联系对参与者进行了随访，并应用潜在增长曲线模型来估计病假、收入、失业和提前退休养老金的水平和变化。
与 TAU 相比，EWA 组在治疗后 21 年内病假增加较少。总体而言，我们没有发现治疗组之间的收入差异，但两年间隔分析显示，EWA 组在治疗后 8 年内收入增加更多。失业和提前退休养老金的水平和变化在治疗组之间没有差异。
针对女性酒精成瘾者强调精神科、人际关系和家庭问题的性别特异性治疗对病假和收入有长期的积极影响。这些发现补充了 EWA 治疗计划对饮酒模式、心理健康和死亡率的积极临床结果。
