Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INRAE, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), 91405, Orsay, France.
Sci Rep. 2022 Aug 25;12(1):14495. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18737-0.
The cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil crop but has a narrow genetic diversity. Molecular markers can be used to probe the genetic diversity of various germplasm. In this study, the restriction site associated DNA (RAD) approach was utilized to sequence 31 accessions of Taiwanese peanut germplasm, leading to the identification of a total of 17,610 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). When we grouped these 31 accessions into two subsets according to origin, we found that the "global" subset (n = 17) was more genetically diverse than the "local" subset (n = 14). Concerning botanical varieties, the var. fastigiata subset had greater genetic diversity than the other two subsets of var. vulgaris and var. hypogaea, suggesting that novel genetic resources should be introduced into breeding programs to enhance genetic diversity. Principal component analysis (PCA) of genotyping data separated the 31 accessions into three clusters largely according to the botanical varieties, consistent with the PCA result for 282 accessions genotyped by 14 kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers developed in this study. The SNP markers identified in this work not only revealed the genetic relationship and population structure of current germplasm in Taiwan, but also offer an efficient tool for breeding and further genetic applications.
栽培花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）是一种重要的油料作物，但遗传多样性狭窄。分子标记可用于探测各种种质资源的遗传多样性。本研究利用基于限制性位点相关 DNA（RAD）的方法对 31 份台湾花生种质资源进行测序，共鉴定出 17610 个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。当我们根据起源将这 31 份材料分为两个亚组时，发现“全球”亚组（n=17）比“本地”亚组（n=14）具有更高的遗传多样性。关于植物品种，快速生长亚种的遗传多样性大于其他两个普通型和野生型亚种，表明应将新的遗传资源引入到育种计划中，以提高遗传多样性。基于基因型数据的主成分分析（PCA）将 31 份材料分为三个聚类，主要根据植物品种进行聚类，与本研究中用 14 个竞争性等位基因特异性 PCR（KASP）标记对 282 份材料进行基因分型的 PCA 结果一致。本研究中鉴定的 SNP 标记不仅揭示了当前台湾地区种质资源的遗传关系和群体结构，还为育种和进一步的遗传应用提供了有效的工具。
