Sousa-Cardoso Francisca, Teixeira-Santos Rita, Mergulhão Filipe J M
LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2022 Aug 14;11(8):1102. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11081102.
Although carbon materials are widely used in surface engineering, particularly graphene (GP) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the application of these nanocomposites for the development of antibiofilm marine surfaces is still poorly documented. The aim of this study was, thus, to gather and discuss the relevant literature concerning the antifouling performance of carbon-based coatings against marine micro- and macrofoulers. For this purpose, a PRISMA-oriented systematic review was conducted based on predefined criteria, which resulted in the selection of thirty studies for a qualitative synthesis. In addition, the retrieved publications were subjected to a quality assessment process based on an adapted Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) scale. In general, this review demonstrated the promising antifouling performance of these carbon nanomaterials in marine environments. Further, results from the revised studies suggested that functionalized GP- and CNTs-based marine coatings exhibited improved antifouling performance compared to these materials in pristine forms. Thanks to their high self-cleaning and enhanced antimicrobial properties, as well as durability, these functionalized composites showed outstanding results in protecting submerged surfaces from the settlement of fouling organisms in marine settings. Overall, these findings can pave the way for the development of new carbon-engineered surfaces capable of preventing marine biofouling.
尽管碳材料在表面工程中得到广泛应用，尤其是石墨烯（GP）和碳纳米管（CNT），但这些纳米复合材料在开发抗生物膜海洋表面方面的应用仍鲜有文献记载。因此，本研究的目的是收集和讨论有关碳基涂层对海洋微污损生物和大污损生物的防污性能的相关文献。为此，基于预定义标准进行了一项面向PRISMA的系统评价，最终选择了30项研究进行定性综合分析。此外，根据适用于非随机研究的方法学指标（MINORS）量表对检索到的出版物进行质量评估。总体而言，本综述表明这些碳纳米材料在海洋环境中具有良好的防污性能。此外，经修订的研究结果表明，与原始形式的这些材料相比，功能化的基于GP和CNT的海洋涂层表现出更好的防污性能。由于其高自清洁性、增强的抗菌性能以及耐久性，这些功能化复合材料在保护水下表面免受海洋环境中污损生物附着方面取得了优异成果。总体而言，这些发现可为开发能够防止海洋生物污损的新型碳工程表面铺平道路。
