LEPABE, Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
Environ Res. 2021 Oct;201:111566. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111566. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
Cyanobacterial molecular biology can identify pathways that affect the adhesion and settlement of biofouling organisms and, consequently, obtain novel antifouling strategies for marine applications. Proteomic analyses can provide an essential understanding of how cyanobacteria adapt to different environmental settings. However, only a few qualitative studies have been performed in some cyanobacterial strains. Considering the limited knowledge about protein expression in cyanobacteria in different growing conditions, a quantitative proteomic analysis by LC-MS/MS of biofilm cells from a filamentous strain was performed. Biofilms were also analysed through standard methodologies for following cyanobacterial biofilm development. Biofilms were formed on glass and perspex at two relevant hydrodynamic conditions for marine environments (average shear rates of 4 s and 40 s). Biofilm development was higher at 4 s and no significant differences were found between surfaces. Proteomic analysis identified 546 proteins and 41 were differentially expressed. Differences in protein expression were more noticeable between biofilms formed on glass and perspex at 4 s. When comparing biofilms formed on different surfaces, results suggest that biofilm development may be related to the expression of several proteins like a beta-propeller domain-containing protein, chaperone DnaK, SLH domain-containing proteins, an OMF family outer membrane protein, and/or additional uncharacterized proteins. Regarding the hydrodynamic effect, biofilm development can be related to SOD enzyme expression, to proteins related to photosynthetic processes and to a set of uncharacterized proteins with calcium binding domains, disordered proteins, and others involved in electron transfer activity. Studies that combine distinct approaches are essential for finding new targets for antibiofilm agents. The characterisation performed in this work provides new insights into how shear rate and surface affect cyanobacterial biofilm development and how cyanobacteria adapt to these different environmental settings from a macroscopic standpoint to a proteomics context.
蓝藻分子生物学可以识别影响生物污垢生物附着和定殖的途径，从而获得用于海洋应用的新型防污策略。蛋白质组学分析可以为蓝藻如何适应不同的环境条件提供重要的理解。然而，只有少数定性研究在一些蓝藻菌株中进行。考虑到关于不同生长条件下蓝藻中蛋白质表达的知识有限，对丝状菌株的生物膜细胞进行了 LC-MS/MS 的定量蛋白质组学分析。生物膜还通过标准方法进行分析，以跟踪蓝藻生物膜的发展。生物膜在玻璃和有机玻璃上形成，两种表面均在两种与海洋环境相关的水动力条件下（平均剪切速率为 4 s 和 40 s）。在 4 s 时生物膜的形成更高，并且在表面之间未发现显著差异。蛋白质组学分析鉴定出 546 种蛋白质，其中 41 种表达不同。在 4 s 下，在玻璃和有机玻璃上形成的生物膜之间的蛋白质表达差异更为明显。当比较在不同表面上形成的生物膜时，结果表明生物膜的发展可能与几种蛋白质的表达有关，如β-螺旋桨结构域蛋白、伴侣蛋白 DnaK、SLH 结构域蛋白、OMF 家族外膜蛋白和/或其他未鉴定的蛋白质。关于水动力效应，生物膜的发展可能与 SOD 酶的表达有关，与光合作用过程相关的蛋白质以及一组未鉴定的具有钙结合结构域、无序蛋白质和其他参与电子转移活性的蛋白质有关。结合不同方法的研究对于寻找新的抗生物膜剂靶标至关重要。本工作中的特性分析为从宏观角度到蛋白质组学背景下了解剪切速率和表面如何影响蓝藻生物膜的发展以及蓝藻如何适应这些不同的环境条件提供了新的见解。
