Martínez-Nicolas Juan José, Núñez-Gómez Dámaris, Lidón Vicente, Martínez-Font Rafael, Melgarejo Pablo, Hernández Francisca, Legua Pilar
Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernandez University, Ctra. Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain.
Foods. 2022 Aug 17;11(16):2487. doi: 10.3390/foods11162487.
Due to its high content of bioactive compounds, the lemon is considered one of the most relevant species around the world. Its great economic importance is motivated, in addition to its fresh consumption, by its applications in the medical, pharmaceutical, and food industries, etc. However, the chemical and nutritional composition of lemon is not constant and can be influenced by external factors such as variety, weather conditions, crop management, etc. Determining the compositional variations of the fruit, essential to defining its potential use, was the main objective of this study. The physicochemical characteristics of the ‘Verna’ lemon were studied as a function of two controlled variables, the growing substrate and the rootstock. For this, 90 lemon trees were cultivated in three rootstocks and three different culture media. Lemon trees cultivated with 50% sediment/peat mix substrate presented a higher total production (590 lemons and 90.53 kg) while this production was 80% lower on trees cultivated with 75% marine sediment. Citrus macrophylla and Citrus aurantium/Citrus sinensis rootstocks showed a significantly higher production than the Citrus aurantium. All the fruits presented a predominantly yellow color appropriate for the market (0 < CI < +5). Nutritional and chemical parameters were consistent with data reported for the ‘Verna’ clones. All the obtained lemons were suitable for marketing and consumption both in fresh and processed forms. The results indicated the limited influence that the studied variables have on the quality parameters of lemon fruits, but they also could confirm the potential of marine sediment as a culture substrate.
由于其生物活性化合物含量高，柠檬被认为是全球最重要的物种之一。除了鲜食外，其在医学、制药和食品工业等领域的应用也使其具有巨大的经济重要性。然而，柠檬的化学和营养成分并非恒定不变，可能会受到品种、天气条件、作物管理等外部因素的影响。确定果实的成分变化对于定义其潜在用途至关重要，这是本研究的主要目标。研究了‘韦尔纳’柠檬的理化特性与两个控制变量（生长基质和砧木）之间的关系。为此，在三种砧木和三种不同的培养基中种植了90棵柠檬树。用50%沉积物/泥炭混合基质栽培的柠檬树总产量更高（590个柠檬，90.53千克），而用75%海洋沉积物栽培的柠檬树产量则低80%。大叶柑橘和酸橙/甜橙砧木的产量明显高于酸橙砧木。所有果实呈现出适合市场的主要黄色（0<CI<+5）。营养和化学参数与‘韦尔纳’克隆报道的数据一致。所有获得的柠檬都适合以新鲜和加工形式销售和食用。结果表明，所研究的变量对柠檬果实品质参数的影响有限，但也证实了海洋沉积物作为栽培基质的潜力。
