Zamora-Avilés Norma, Orozco-Flores Alonso A, Gomez-Flores Ricardo, Domínguez-Gámez Maribel, Rodríguez-Pérez Mario A, Tamez-Guerra Patricia
Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Av. Pedro de Alba S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Nuevo León, Mexico.
Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 Aug 8;8(8):828. doi: 10.3390/jof8080828.
Aedes aegypti (Linn.) incidence has increased in recent years, causing human viral diseases such as dengue, which are often fatal. Beauveria bassiana (Bals., Vuillemin) efficacy for Ae. aegypti biological control has been evidenced but it relies on host susceptibility and strain virulence. We hypothesized that B. bassiana conidia microgranular formulations (MGF) with the additives acetone, lactic acid, and sugar increase Ae. aegypti adult exposure, thus improving their biocontrol effectiveness. Beauveria bassiana strain four (BBPTG4) conidia stability was assessed after 0 d, 5 d, and 30 d storage at 25 °C ± 2 °C with additives or in MGF after 91 d of storage at 25 °C ± 2 °C or 4 °C ± 1 °C, whereas mortality was evaluated after adult exposure to MGF + conidia, using home-made traps. Additives did not show toxicity to conidia. In addition, we observed that sugar in MGF increased Ae. aegypti adults’ attraction and their viability resulted in a 3-fold reduction after 5 d and 1- to 4-fold decrease after 30 d of storage, and formulations were less attractive (p < 0.05). Conidia stability was higher on MGF regardless of the storage temperature, losing up to 2.5-fold viability after 91 d. In conclusion, BBPTG4 infected and killed Ae. aegypti, whereas MGF attracting adults resulted in 42.2% mortality, increasing fungus auto dissemination potential among infected surviving adults. It is necessary to further evaluate MGF against Ae. aegypti in the field.
近年来，埃及伊蚊（林奈）的发病率有所上升，引发了登革热等人类病毒性疾病，这些疾病往往是致命的。球孢白僵菌（巴尔萨姆，维勒明）对埃及伊蚊的生物防治效果已得到证实，但这依赖于宿主易感性和菌株毒力。我们假设，添加丙酮、乳酸和糖的球孢白僵菌分生孢子微颗粒制剂（MGF）可增加埃及伊蚊成虫的接触率，从而提高其生物防治效果。在25℃±2℃下储存0天、5天和30天后，评估添加添加剂的球孢白僵菌菌株四（BBPTG4）分生孢子的稳定性，或在25℃±2℃或4℃±1℃下储存91天后，评估MGF中分生孢子的稳定性，而在成虫接触MGF+分生孢子后，使用自制诱捕器评估死亡率。添加剂对分生孢子未显示出毒性。此外，我们观察到MGF中的糖增加了埃及伊蚊成虫的吸引力，其活力在储存5天后降低了3倍，在储存30天后降低了1至4倍，并且制剂的吸引力降低（p<0.05）。无论储存温度如何，分生孢子在MGF上的稳定性更高，在91天后活力损失高达2.5倍。总之，BBPTG4感染并杀死了埃及伊蚊，而吸引成虫的MGF导致了42.2%的死亡率，增加了真菌在受感染存活成虫中的自动传播潜力。有必要在野外进一步评估MGF对埃及伊蚊的防治效果。
