Li Zhaoyao, Chen Wenxian, Qiu Zilong, Li Yuwan, Fan Jindai, Wu Keke, Li Xiaowen, Zhao Mingqiu, Ding Hongxing, Fan Shuangqi, Chen Jinding
College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Life (Basel). 2022 Aug 17;12(8):1255. doi: 10.3390/life12081255.
African swine fever (ASF) is a viral disease with a high fatality rate in both domestic pigs and wild boars. ASF has greatly challenged pig-raising countries and also negatively impacted regional and national trade of pork products. To date, ASF has spread throughout Africa, Europe, and Asia. The development of safe and effective ASF vaccines is urgently required for the control of ASF outbreaks. The ASF virus (ASFV), the causative agent of ASF, has a large genome and a complex structure. The functions of nearly half of its viral genes still remain to be explored. Knowledge on the structure and function of ASFV proteins, the mechanism underlying ASFV infection and immunity, and the identification of major immunogenicity genes will contribute to the development of an ASF vaccine. In this context, this paper reviews the available knowledge on the structure, replication, protein function, virulence genes, immune evasion, inactivation, vaccines, control, and diagnosis of ASFV.
非洲猪瘟（ASF）是一种在家猪和野猪中致死率都很高的病毒性疾病。ASF给养猪国家带来了巨大挑战，也对猪肉产品的区域和国际贸易产生了负面影响。迄今为止，ASF已蔓延至非洲、欧洲和亚洲。控制ASF疫情迫切需要研发安全有效的ASF疫苗。非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）是ASF的病原体，其基因组庞大且结构复杂。近一半的病毒基因功能仍有待探索。了解ASFV蛋白的结构和功能、ASFV感染与免疫的机制以及主要免疫原性基因的鉴定，将有助于开发ASF疫苗。在此背景下，本文综述了关于ASFV的结构、复制、蛋白功能、毒力基因、免疫逃逸、灭活、疫苗、防控及诊断等方面的现有知识。
