Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK.
Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK.
Nutrients. 2022 Aug 10;14(16):3263. doi: 10.3390/nu14163263.
Diets rich in cruciferous vegetables have been associated with a lower risk of incidence and progression of prostate cancer. Sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate derived from 4-methylsulphinylbutyl glucosinolate (glucoraphanin) that accumulates in certain of these vegetables, notably broccoli, has been implicated in their protective effects. Likewise, the consumption of garlic and its sulphur-containing compounds such as alliin have been associated with a reduction in risk of prostate cancer. In this study, we tested whether consuming glucoraphanin derived from broccoli seeds and alliin derived from garlic resulted in the occurrence of these potential bioactive compounds in the prostate, which may contribute to our understanding of the putative protective effects of these dietary components. We recruited 42 men scheduled for a trans-perineal prostate biopsy into a randomised, double-blinded, 2 × 2-factorial dietary supplement four-week intervention study, and 39 completed the study. The two active interventions were supplements providing glucoraphanin from broccoli (BroccoMax®) and alliin from garlic (Kwai Heartcare®). Following the intervention, prostate biopsy tissue was analysed for the presence of sulforaphane and its thiol conjugates and for alliin and associated metabolites. Sulforaphane occurred in significantly higher levels in the prostate tissue (both within the transition and peripheral zone) of men consuming the glucoraphanin containing supplements (p < 0.0001) compared to men not consuming these supplements. However, while alliin and alliin-derived metabolites were detected within the prostate, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of these compounds in the prostate of men consuming supplements derived from garlic compared to men not consuming these supplements.
富含十字花科蔬菜的饮食与前列腺癌的发病率和进展风险降低有关。萝卜硫素是一种异硫氰酸盐，来源于 4-甲基亚磺酰基丁基葡萄糖硫苷（葡萄糖苷），在某些蔬菜中积累，特别是西兰花，与它们的保护作用有关。同样，大蒜及其含硫化合物（如蒜氨酸）的消费与降低前列腺癌风险有关。在这项研究中，我们测试了食用从西兰花种子中提取的葡萄糖苷和从大蒜中提取的蒜氨酸是否会导致这些潜在生物活性化合物出现在前列腺中，这可能有助于我们理解这些饮食成分的潜在保护作用。我们招募了 42 名计划接受经会阴前列腺活检的男性参加一项随机、双盲、2×2 因子饮食补充剂四周干预研究，其中 39 名男性完成了研究。两种活性干预措施是提供来自西兰花的葡萄糖苷（BroccoMax®）和来自大蒜的蒜氨酸（Kwai Heartcare®）的补充剂。干预后，分析前列腺活检组织中萝卜硫素及其硫代结合物以及蒜氨酸和相关代谢物的存在。与不食用这些补充剂的男性相比，食用含葡萄糖苷补充剂的男性前列腺组织（包括移行区和周围区）中萝卜硫素的水平明显更高（p < 0.0001）。然而，虽然在前列腺中检测到了蒜氨酸和蒜氨酸衍生的代谢物，但食用大蒜来源补充剂的男性前列腺中这些化合物的浓度与不食用这些补充剂的男性相比没有显著差异。
