Umar Muhammad, Tegg Robert S, Farooq Tahir, Thangavel Tamilarasan, Wilson Calum R
New Town Research Laboratories, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, 13 St. Johns Avenue, New Town, Hobart, TAS 7008, Australia.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Viruses. 2022 Jul 30;14(8):1690. doi: 10.3390/v14081690.
The genus Polerovirus contains positive-sense, single-stranded RNA plant viruses that cause significant disease in many agricultural crops, including vegetable legumes. This study aimed to identify and determine the abundance of Polerovirus species present within Tasmanian pea crops and surrounding weeds that may act as virus reservoirs. We further sought to examine the genetic diversity of TuYV, the most commonly occurring polerovirus identified. Pea and weed samples were collected during 2019-2020 between October and January from thirty-four sites across three different regions (far northwest, north, and midlands) of Tasmania and tested by RT-PCR assay, with selected samples subject to next-generation sequencing. Results revealed that the presence of polerovirus infection and the prevalence of TuYV in both weeds and pea crops varied across the three Tasmanian cropping regions, with TuYV infection levels in pea crops ranging between 0 and 27.5% of tested plants. Overall, two species members from each genus, and , one member from each of , , and , and an unclassified virus from the family were also found as a result of NGS data analysis. Analysis of gene sequences of the and genes of Tasmanian TuYV isolates revealed substantial genetic diversity within the collection, with a few isolates appearing more closely aligned with BrYV isolates. Questions remain around the differentiation of TuYV and BrYV species. Phylogenetic inconsistency in the P0 and P3 ORFs supports the concept that recombination may have played a role in TuYV evolution in Tasmania. Results of the evolutionary analysis showed that the selection pressure was higher in the gene than in the gene, and the majority of the codons for each gene are evolving under purifying selection. Future full genome-based analyses of the genetic variations will expand our understanding of the evolutionary patterns existing among TuYV populations in Tasmania.
马铃薯卷叶病毒属包含正义单链RNA植物病毒，可在包括豆类蔬菜在内的多种农作物中引发严重病害。本研究旨在鉴定并确定塔斯马尼亚豌豆作物及周边可能作为病毒宿主的杂草中存在的马铃薯卷叶病毒属物种的丰度。我们还进一步研究了最常见的马铃薯卷叶病毒——芜菁黄化病毒（TuYV）的遗传多样性。2019年至2020年10月至1月期间，从塔斯马尼亚三个不同地区（远西北、北部和中部地区）的34个地点采集了豌豆和杂草样本，并通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测，部分样本进行了二代测序。结果显示，在塔斯马尼亚的三个种植区，杂草和豌豆作物中马铃薯卷叶病毒感染的存在情况以及TuYV的流行程度各不相同，豌豆作物中TuYV的感染水平在受试植株的0%至27.5%之间。总体而言，通过二代测序数据分析还发现了每个属的两个物种成员，即 和 ， 、 和 各一个成员，以及来自 科的一种未分类病毒。对塔斯马尼亚TuYV分离株的 和 基因序列分析表明，该样本集合中存在大量遗传多样性，一些分离株与芜菁褐色皱缩病毒（BrYV）分离株的亲缘关系更近。TuYV和BrYV物种的区分仍存在问题。P0和P3开放阅读框中的系统发育不一致支持了重组可能在塔斯马尼亚TuYV进化中发挥作用的观点。进化分析结果表明， 基因中的选择压力高于 基因，每个基因的大多数密码子在纯化选择下进化。未来基于全基因组的遗传变异分析将扩展我们对塔斯马尼亚TuYV种群间现有进化模式的理解。
