Virology Department, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Viruses. 2022 Aug 20;14(8):1829. doi: 10.3390/v14081829.
Rhinoviruses (RVs) constitute a substantial public health burden. To evaluate their abundance and genetic diversity in pediatric patients, RV RNA in respiratory samples was assessed using real-time RT-PCR and partial nucleic acid sequencing of viral genomes. Additionally, clinical data were retrieved from patient charts to determine the clinical significance of pediatric RV infections. In total, the respiratory specimens of 776 patients (<18 years), collected from 2013 to 2017, were analyzed. Infections occurred throughout the entire year, with peaks occurring in fall and winter, and showed remarkably high intra- and interseasonal diversity for RV genotypes. RV species were detected in the following frequencies: 49.1% RV-A, 5.9% RV-B, and 43.6% RV-C. RV-C was found to be more frequently associated with asthma (p = 0.04) and bronchiolitis (p < 0.001), while RV-A was more frequently associated with fever (p = 0.001) and pneumonia (p = 0.002). Additionally, 35.3% of the patients had co-infections with other pathogens, which were associated with a longer hospital stay (p < 0.001), need for ventilation (p < 0.001), and pneumonia (p < 0.001). Taken together, this study shows pronounced RV genetic diversity in pediatric patients and indicates differences in RV-associated pathologies, as well as an important role for co-infections.
鼻病毒（RV）对公共健康造成了重大负担。为了评估其在儿科患者中的丰度和遗传多样性，使用实时 RT-PCR 检测呼吸道样本中的 RV RNA，并对病毒基因组的部分核酸进行测序。此外，从患者病历中检索临床数据，以确定儿科 RV 感染的临床意义。共分析了 2013 年至 2017 年间采集的 776 名（<18 岁）患者的呼吸道标本。感染全年发生，秋季和冬季达到高峰，RV 基因型的内季和间季多样性非常高。检测到的 RV 种的频率如下：49.1%RV-A、5.9%RV-B 和 43.6%RV-C。RV-C 与哮喘（p=0.04）和细支气管炎（p<0.001）的相关性更高，而 RV-A 与发热（p=0.001）和肺炎（p=0.002）的相关性更高。此外，35.3%的患者合并感染了其他病原体，这与住院时间延长（p<0.001）、需要通气（p<0.001）和肺炎（p<0.001）有关。总之，本研究表明儿科患者中 RV 的遗传多样性明显，表明 RV 相关疾病存在差异，以及合并感染的重要作用。
