Liu Xin, Huang Xiangyun, Fu Yang, Wang Yizhen, Lu Zeqing
National Engineering Research Center for Green Feed and Healthy Breeding, Hangzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China.
Front Physiol. 2022 Aug 9;13:906522. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.906522. eCollection 2022.
Pancreatin secretion is dramatically decreased over time after weaning, thus affecting the utilization of nutrients in piglets. Therefore, exogenous pancreatin is expected to alleviate this situation. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of exogenous pancreatin on the growth performance, nutrient digestion and absorption, and intestinal microbiota of piglets. One hundred eighty piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, 40 days) were randomly allotted to three treatments (basal diets supplemented with 0, 250, or 500 mg/kg pancreatin) with three replicate pens per treatment and 20 piglets per pen. Compared with the control diet, dietary 500 mg/kg pancreatin significantly increased ( < 0.05) the average daily gain (ADG) and the apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fat of piglets. Regarding endogenous enzymes, pancrelipase activity in the pancreas, duodenal mucosa, and small intestinal digesta as well as trypsin activity in the jejunal digesta were increased in piglets fed a diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg pancreatin ( < 0.05). Moreover, amylopsin activity was significantly strengthened in the pancreas, duodenal mucosa, and digesta in piglets fed a diet with 500 mg/kg pancreatin ( < 0.05). The mRNA expression of nutrient transporters, including oligopeptide transporter-1 (PepT1), excitatory amino acid transporter-1 (EAAC1), cationic amino acid transporter-1 (CAT1), sodium glucose cotransporter-1 (SGLT1), glucose transporter-2 (GLUT2), and fatty acid transporter-4 (FATP4), in the jejunum significantly increased after dietary supplementation with 500 mg/kg pancreatin ( < 0.05). An increased villus height-to-crypt depth ratio of the ileum was observed in the 500 mg/kg pancreatin-treated group ( < 0.05). The composition of the colonic microbiota modulated by the addition of 500 mg/kg pancreatin was characterized by an increased relative abundance of ( < 0.05), and the predicted functions revealed that 500 mg/kg pancreatin supplementation enhanced the functional abundance of genetic information processing in colonic microorganisms and environmental information processing. Our findings suggested that the addition of 500 mg/kg pancreatin improved the growth performance of piglets, improved intestinal structure, and modulated the colon microbiota, thereby increasing nutrient digestibility.
断奶后，胰酶分泌会随着时间的推移而显著减少，从而影响仔猪对营养物质的利用。因此，预计外源性胰酶可缓解这种情况。本试验旨在研究外源性胰酶对仔猪生长性能、养分消化吸收及肠道微生物群的影响。选用180头40日龄杜洛克×长白×大白三元杂交仔猪，随机分为3组，分别饲喂添加0、250或500 mg/kg胰酶的基础日粮，每组设3个重复栏，每栏20头猪。与对照日粮相比，日粮中添加500 mg/kg胰酶显著提高了（P<0.05）仔猪的平均日增重（ADG）以及粗蛋白和粗脂肪的表观消化率。对于内源性酶，饲喂添加500 mg/kg胰酶日粮的仔猪，其胰腺、十二指肠黏膜和小肠食糜中的胰脂肪酶活性以及空肠食糜中的胰蛋白酶活性均有所提高（P<0.05）。此外，饲喂含500 mg/kg胰酶日粮的仔猪，其胰腺、十二指肠黏膜和食糜中的淀粉酶活性显著增强（P<0.05）。日粮中添加500 mg/kg胰酶后，空肠中营养物质转运蛋白的mRNA表达显著增加，包括寡肽转运蛋白-1（PepT1）、兴奋性氨基酸转运蛋白-1（EAAC1）、阳离子氨基酸转运蛋白-1（CAT1）、钠葡萄糖共转运蛋白-1（SGLT1）、葡萄糖转运蛋白-2（GLUT2）和脂肪酸转运蛋白-4（FATP4）（P<0.05）。在500 mg/kg胰酶处理组中，观察到回肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比增加（P<0.05）。添加500 mg/kg胰酶调节的结肠微生物群组成的特征是某菌属相对丰度增加（P<0.05），预测功能显示，添加500 mg/kg胰酶增强了结肠微生物中遗传信息处理和环境信息处理的功能丰度。我们的研究结果表明，添加500 mg/kg胰酶可改善仔猪生长性能，改善肠道结构，调节结肠微生物群，从而提高养分消化率。
