Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2022 Nov 14;114(11):1441-1448. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djac164.
The National Toxicology Program strives to raise awareness of cancer hazards in our environment. Identifying cancer hazards is key to primary prevention, informing public health decision making, and decreasing the global cancer burden. In December 2021, the US congressionally mandated 15th Report on Carcinogens was released, adding 8 new substances to the cumulative report. Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori is listed as "known to be a human carcinogen." Antimony trioxide and 6 haloacetic acids found as water disinfection by-products-dichloroacetic acid, dibromoacetic acid, bromochloroacetic acid, tribromoacetic acid, bromodichloroacetic acid, chlorodibromoacetic acid-are listed as "reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen." A new dashboard provides interactive visualization and interrogation of the 256 listed substances, their uses, and associated cancers. Also, the National Toxicology Program recently published a Cancer Hazard Assessment Report on exposure scenarios associated with circadian disruption, concluding that persistent night shift work can cause breast cancer and certain lighting conditions may cause cancer. As highlighted in these reports and evaluations, we are evolving our approaches to meet contemporary challenges. These approaches include focusing on real-world exposures and advancing our methods to address challenges in cancer hazard assessments (eg, developing more structured approaches to evaluate mechanistic data and incorporating read-across approaches to assess chemicals lacking adequate human or animal cancer data). To promote public health, we provide information on environmental health disparities and disease prevention. Building on these efforts, we aim to continue our contributions to the war on cancer, declared 50 years ago.
国家毒理学计划努力提高人们对环境中癌症危害的认识。识别癌症危害是初级预防的关键，为公共卫生决策提供信息，并减少全球癌症负担。2021 年 12 月，美国国会授权发布了第 15 份致癌物质报告，在累积报告中新增了 8 种新物质。慢性感染幽门螺杆菌被列为“已知的人类致癌物”。三氧化二锑和 6 种卤代乙酸（作为饮用水消毒副产物的二氯乙酸、二溴乙酸、溴氯乙酸、三氯乙酸、溴二氯乙酸和氯二溴乙酸）被列为“合理预期的人类致癌物”。一个新的仪表板提供了 256 种列出物质及其用途和相关癌症的交互式可视化和查询。此外，国家毒理学计划最近发布了一份关于与昼夜节律紊乱相关暴露情况的癌症危害评估报告，得出结论认为，持续的夜班工作可能会导致乳腺癌，某些照明条件可能会致癌。正如这些报告和评估所强调的，我们正在改进方法以应对当代挑战。这些方法包括关注现实世界中的暴露情况，并推进我们的方法来解决癌症危害评估中的挑战（例如，开发更具结构性的方法来评估机制数据，并采用类推方法来评估缺乏足够人类或动物癌症数据的化学品）。为了促进公共卫生，我们提供有关环境健康差距和疾病预防的信息。在此基础上，我们旨在继续为 50 年前宣布的抗癌战争做出贡献。
