Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, KP, Pakistan.
Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP Pakistan.
Afr Health Sci. 2022 Mar;22(1):521-531. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v22i1.61.
Dengue is a widely spread mosquito-borne infection in humans, which in recent decades declared is public health problem globally. The dengue virus contains 4 different serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4) which belong to the genus Flavivirus.
A descriptive experimental study was conducted to determine the epidemiology, types of Dengue serotypes, clinical features, laboratory probe, and markers for primary diagnosis of dengue virus infection in hospitalized patients.
A total of 691 suspects were diagnosed from August to October 2019 in district Shangla KP, Pakistan. Serological tests were used for nonstructural protein-1 antigen (NS1), and antibodies (immunoglobulin-M (IgM) & Immunoglobulin-G (IgG)) while real-time PCR was used to confirm the cases. The data was statistically analyzed using IBM-SPSS Statistics 20 version.
The dengue virus infection was more prevalent in the male group (68.09%) than the female group (31.1%). A large number of patients were from rural areas (63.5%) while from urban areas were (36.4%), whereas Besham tehsil was found the most affected compared to other regions. The most prevalent serotype observed in our study was DENV-3 (56.60%) while DENV-4 was the least prevalent serotype (1.88%). Among the age-wise analysis of dengue-virus-infected individuals, the age group of 19-37 years (64.07%) was found the most affected group. The month-wise analysis revealed that the highest number of infections (49.8%) were recorded in September. Significant differences were noticed among blood parameters.
The possible reasons for the dengue overwhelming in the study area could be less or lack of awareness particularly regarding the transmission of viral infections, improper sewage management, and no effective vector control strategies that lead the dengue outbreaks in the study population.
登革热是一种广泛传播的人类蚊媒感染病，近几十年来已在全球范围内宣布为公共卫生问题。登革病毒包含 4 种不同的血清型（DENV-1、DENV-2、DENV-3 和 DENV-4），属于黄病毒属。
本实验性描述性研究旨在确定登革热病毒感染住院患者的流行病学、登革热血清型类型、临床特征、实验室探针和标志物，以进行初步诊断。
2019 年 8 月至 10 月，在巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省的 Shangla 区对 691 名疑似患者进行了诊断。使用非结构蛋白-1 抗原（NS1）和抗体（免疫球蛋白-M（IgM）和免疫球蛋白-G（IgG））进行血清学检测，同时使用实时 PCR 进行确诊。使用 IBM-SPSS Statistics 20 版本对数据进行统计分析。
登革热病毒感染在男性群体（68.09%）中比女性群体（31.1%）更为普遍。大量患者来自农村地区（63.5%），而来自城市地区的患者（36.4%），相比其他地区，Besham 地区受影响最为严重。在本研究中观察到的最常见血清型是 DENV-3（56.60%），而 DENV-4 是最不常见的血清型（1.88%）。在按年龄分析登革热病毒感染个体时，发现 19-37 岁年龄组（64.07%）受影响最大。按月分析显示，感染人数最多（49.8%）的月份是 9 月。血液参数方面存在显著差异。
研究地区登革热病例剧增的可能原因是，特别是在病毒感染的传播方面，缺乏或缺乏认识、污水管理不当以及缺乏有效的病媒控制策略，导致研究人群中出现登革热疫情。
