Singh Sanjeet, Jayaram R
University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413 India.
University School of Business, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413 India.
Sustain Water Resour Manag. 2022;8(5):146. doi: 10.1007/s40899-022-00719-9. Epub 2022 Aug 23.
One-fourth of the global population is without basic drinking water and half of the global population lacks sanitation facilities. The attainment of water and sanitation targets is difficult due to administrative, operational, political, transborder, technical, and policy challenges. Conducted after 5 years from the adoption of sustainable development goals by the United Nations reviews the initiatives for improving access, quality, and affordability of water and sanitation. The bibliometric and thematic analyses are conducted to consolidate the outcomes of scientific papers on sustainable development goal 6 (SDG 6). Africa is struggling in relation with water and sanitation goals, having 17 countries with less than 40% basic drinking water facilities and 16 countries with less than 40% basic sanitation facilities. Globally, the attainment of water and sanitation goals will be depended on economic development, the development of revolutionary measures for wastewater treatment, and creating awareness related to water usage, water recycling, water harvesting, hygiene, and sanitation. Behavioral changes are also required for a new water culture and the attainment of water and sanitation goals by 2030.
全球四分之一的人口缺乏基本饮用水，全球一半人口缺乏卫生设施。由于行政、运营、政治、跨境、技术和政策等方面的挑战，实现水和卫生目标面临困难。联合国通过可持续发展目标五年后进行的审查，审视了改善水和卫生设施的可及性、质量和可承受性的举措。开展文献计量分析和主题分析，以巩固关于可持续发展目标6（SDG 6）的科学论文成果。非洲在水和卫生目标方面面临困境，有17个国家的基本饮用水设施覆盖率低于40%，16个国家的基本卫生设施覆盖率低于40%。在全球范围内，实现水和卫生目标将取决于经济发展、开发革命性的废水处理措施，以及提高人们对用水、水循环利用、雨水收集、卫生和环境卫生的认识。为形成新的水文化并在2030年前实现水和卫生目标，还需要人们改变行为。
