Haldan Kerstin, Köhn Nora, Hornig Anja, Wichmann Sabine, Kreyling Jürgen
Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology University of Greifswald, partner in the Greifswald Mire Centre Greifswald Germany.
Ecol Evol. 2022 Aug 23;12(8):e9191. doi: 10.1002/ece3.9191. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Drainage has turned 650,000 km of peatlands worldwide into greenhouse gas sources. To counteract climate change, large-scale rewetting is necessary while agricultural use of rewetted areas, termed paludiculture, is still possible. However, more information is required on the performance of suitable species, such as cattail, in the range of environmental conditions after rewetting. We investigated productivity and biomass quality (morphological traits and tissue chemical composition) of and along gradients of water table depth (-45 to +40 cm) and nutrient addition (3.6-400 kg N ha a) in a six-month mesocosm experiment with an emphasis on their high-value utilization, e.g., as building material, paper, or biodegradable packaging. Over a wide range of investigated conditions, was more productive than . Productivity was remarkably tolerant of low nutrient addition, suggesting that long-term productive paludiculture is possible. Low water tables were beneficial for productivity and high water tables for biomass quality. Rewetting will likely create a mosaic of different water table depths. Our findings that the yield of and tissue chemical composition of were largely unaffected by water table depth are therefore promising. Depending on intended utilization, optimal cultivation conditions and preferable species differ. Considering yield or diameter, e.g., for building materials, is generally preferable over . A low N, P, K content, high Si content and high C/N-ratio can be beneficial for processing into disposable tableware, charcoal, or building material. For these utilizations, is preferable at high water tables, and both species should be cultivated at a low nutrient supply. When cellulose and lignin contents are relevant, e.g., for paper and biodegradable packaging, is preferable at high water tables and both species should be cultivated at nutrient additions of about 20 kg N ha a.
排水已将全球65万公里的泥炭地变成了温室气体排放源。为了应对气候变化，大规模重新湿润泥炭地是必要的，同时重新湿润地区的农业利用（即低位泥炭地栽培）仍然可行。然而，对于诸如香蒲等适宜物种在重新湿润后的一系列环境条件下的表现，还需要更多信息。我们在一个为期六个月的中宇宙实验中，研究了香蒲和芦苇在地下水位深度（-45至+40厘米）和养分添加（3.6 - 400千克氮/公顷·年）梯度下的生产力和生物量质量（形态特征和组织化学成分），重点关注它们的高价值利用，例如作为建筑材料、纸张或可生物降解包装材料。在广泛的研究条件下，香蒲比芦苇生产力更高。生产力对低养分添加具有显著耐受性，这表明长期高产的低位泥炭地栽培是可能的。低地下水位有利于香蒲生产力，高地下水位有利于芦苇生物量质量。重新湿润可能会形成不同地下水位深度的镶嵌格局。因此，我们发现香蒲的产量和芦苇的组织化学成分在很大程度上不受地下水位深度影响，这是很有前景的。根据预期用途，最佳栽培条件和优选物种会有所不同。例如，考虑到产量或直径用于建筑材料，香蒲通常比芦苇更可取。低氮、磷、钾含量、高硅含量和高碳氮比有利于加工成一次性餐具、木炭或建筑材料。对于这些用途，高地下水位时香蒲更可取，并且两种物种都应在低养分供应下栽培。当纤维素和木质素含量相关时，例如用于纸张和可生物降解包装，高地下水位时芦苇更可取，并且两种物种都应在约20千克氮/公顷·年的养分添加量下栽培。
