Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Alle 1, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Alle 1, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 May 10;664:1150-1161. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.419. Epub 2019 Feb 2.
Tall wetland graminoids with rapid growth, high productivity and wide tolerance of biotic and abiotic stresses are potentially valuable bioenergy crops, especially when grown in rewetted peat soils for biomass (paludiculture). Using wetland plants as renewable bioenergy crops instead of fossil fuels has the ecological benefits of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, improving water quality and conserving peat soils. As these potential crops will grow in peat that differs in nutrient availability, not only will their biomass productivity be affected, but also the biomass quality for bioenergy may be altered. We set up five different nutrient availability treatments in waterlogged peat soil to simulate different nutrient environments for wetland plant cultivation. Seven wetland plants suitable for paludiculture (Typha latifolia, Arundo plinii, Arundo donax and four distinct genotypes of Phragmites australis from Denmark, The Netherlands, Romania and Italy) were selected to test responses of biomass production and tissue quality to different nutrient availability. Due to their high biomass productivity, T. latifolia, A. donax, Dutch (NL) and Romanian (RO) P. australis had the greatest potential to produce bioenergy feedstock. All taxa survived when cultivated with very low nutrient availability, especially NL and RO P. australis and T. latifolia. Moreover, biomass quality was both species-specific and element-specific, affected by increasing nutrient availability. Overall, T. latifolia had the lowest tissue concentrations of S and Si as well as high concentrations of Ca, and therefore the best tissue quality for combustion both at low and high nutrient availability. These results will provide crucial information for choosing appropriate crops and managements and promote the success of culturing wetland plants as bioenergy feedstock.
高湿生禾本科植物具有生长迅速、生产力高和对生物及非生物胁迫广泛耐受的特点，是有潜力的生物能源作物，尤其在湿地土壤复湿后用于生物质生产（沼泽农业）时更是如此。利用湿地植物作为可再生生物能源作物替代化石燃料具有减少温室气体（GHG）排放、改善水质和保护泥炭土的生态效益。由于这些潜在作物将在养分供应不同的泥炭土中生长，其生物量生产力不仅会受到影响，生物能源用生物量的质量也可能会发生变化。我们在积水泥炭土中设置了五个不同养分供应处理，以模拟湿地植物栽培的不同养分环境。选择了七种适合沼泽农业的湿地植物（香蒲、芦竹、荻和丹麦、荷兰、罗马尼亚和意大利的四个不同基因型的芦苇）来测试生物量生产和组织质量对不同养分供应的响应。由于其高生物量生产力，香蒲、荻、荷兰（NL）和罗马尼亚（RO）芦苇具有生产生物能源原料的最大潜力。所有分类群在养分供应非常低的情况下都能存活，尤其是 NL 和 RO 芦苇和香蒲。此外，生物量质量具有物种特异性和元素特异性，受养分供应增加的影响。总体而言，香蒲的 S 和 Si 组织浓度最低，Ca 浓度最高，因此在低养分和高养分供应条件下，其组织质量最适合燃烧。这些结果将为选择合适的作物和管理措施提供关键信息，并促进将湿地植物作为生物能源原料进行栽培的成功。
