Chan Amy Hai Yan, Beyene Kebede, Tuck Chloe, Rutter Victoria, Ashiru-Oredope Diane
Commonwealth Pharmacists' Association, London, UK.
School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand.
JAC Antimicrob Resist. 2022 Aug 24;4(4):dlac062. doi: 10.1093/jacamr/dlac062. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Pharmacists have important antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) roles yet limited literature exists on pharmacists' knowledge and beliefs about antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antimicrobials and how these beliefs influence antimicrobial supply in different countries.
A cross-sectional survey was disseminated to pharmacists around the world via the Commonwealth Pharmacists' Association and related networks. Data were collected on demographics, antibiotic supply practices, and knowledge and beliefs about AMR.
A total of 546 pharmacists responded from 59 countries, most commonly from Africa (41%) followed by Asia (26%) and Oceania (22%). Respondents supplied a mean of 46 ± 81 antibiotic prescriptions/week, 73%±35% of which were given in response to a prescription. Overall, 60.2% dispensed antibiotics at least once without a prescription. Respondents had good knowledge (mean 9.6 ± 1.3 (out of 12), and held positive beliefs about AMR [mean 3.9 ± 0.6 (out of 5)]. Knowledge about antibiotics and beliefs about AMR were positively correlated. The odds of supplying antibiotics without a prescription were 7.4 times higher among respondents from lower income countries [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 7.42, 95% CI 4.16-13.24]. Conversely, more positive AMR beliefs were associated with a lower odds of supplying antibiotics without a prescription (AOR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.95).
Most pharmacists had the good knowledge about antibiotics and positive beliefs about AMR. These beliefs were influenced by knowledge, work setting, and country income. A proportion of respondents provided antibiotics without a prescription; the likelihood of this occurring was higher in those who held more negative beliefs about AMR.
药剂师在抗菌药物管理（AMS）中发挥着重要作用，但关于药剂师对抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）和抗菌药物的知识与信念，以及这些信念如何影响不同国家抗菌药物供应的文献却很有限。
通过英联邦药剂师协会及相关网络，向世界各地的药剂师开展了一项横断面调查。收集了有关人口统计学、抗生素供应实践以及AMR知识与信念的数据。
来自59个国家的546名药剂师做出了回应，其中大多数来自非洲（41%），其次是亚洲（26%）和大洋洲（22%）。受访者每周平均提供46±81张抗生素处方，其中73%±35%是根据处方提供的。总体而言，60.2%的受访者至少有一次在没有处方的情况下配发了抗生素。受访者具备良好的知识（平均9.6±1.3分（满分12分）），并且对AMR持有积极信念（平均3.9±0.6分（满分5分））。关于抗生素的知识与对AMR的信念呈正相关。来自低收入国家的受访者在没有处方的情况下供应抗生素的几率高出7.4倍[调整后的优势比（AOR）=7.42，95%置信区间4.16 - 13.24]。相反，对AMR的信念越积极，在没有处方的情况下供应抗生素的几率就越低（AOR = 0.91，95%置信区间0.86 - 0.95）。
大多数药剂师对抗生素有良好的知识，对AMR持有积极信念。这些信念受到知识、工作环境和国家收入的影响。一部分受访者在没有处方的情况下提供抗生素；对AMR持有更消极信念的人出现这种情况的可能性更高。
