Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Woodward Hall, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2022 Sep 29;98(10). doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiac096.
The microbial community associated with animals (microbiome) is essential for development, physiology, and health of host organisms. A critical step to understand the assembly of microbiomes is to determine how effectively bacteria colonize and establish within the host. Bacteria commonly colonize hosts through vertical transmission, passively from the environment, or through food consumption. Using the prey feeding method (PFM), we test transmittance of Bacillus velezensis, Pseudoalteromonas spiralis, and Vibrio alginolyticus to Nematostella vectensis using two prey, Artemia salina and Brachionus plicatilis. We compare PFM to a solution uptake method (SUM) to quantify the concentration of bacteria in these host organisms, with plate counts. Larvae had a similar uptake with SUM at 6 h but had greater concentrations at 48 h versus PFM. Juveniles acquired similar concentrations at 6 h for SUM and PFM using B. plicatilis and A. salina. At 2 days, the quantity of bacteria vectored from PFM increased. After 7 days the CFUs decreased 2-fold with B. plicatilis and A. salina relative to the 2-day concentrations, and further decreased after 14 days. Therefore, prey-mediated methods provide greater microbe transplantation than SUM after 24 h, supporting this approach as a more successful inoculation method of individual bacterial species.
与动物相关的微生物群落（微生物组）对宿主生物的发育、生理和健康至关重要。了解微生物组组装的关键步骤是确定细菌在宿主中定植和建立的有效性。细菌通常通过垂直传播、从环境中被动传播或通过食物摄入来定植宿主。我们使用猎物喂养法（PFM），用两种猎物丰年虾和褶皱臂尾轮虫，测试了 Bacillus velezensis、Pseudoalteromonas spiralis 和 Vibrio alginolyticus 对 Nematostella vectensis 的传递率。我们将 PFM 与溶液摄取法（SUM）进行比较，用平板计数来量化这些宿主生物中细菌的浓度。幼虫在 6 小时时 SUM 的摄取量相似，但在 48 小时时 SUM 的浓度高于 PFM。使用褶皱臂尾轮虫和丰年虾，SUM 和 PFM 在 6 小时时使青少年获得了相似的浓度。在 2 天时，从 PFM 传递的细菌数量增加。7 天后，与 2 天的浓度相比，用褶皱臂尾轮虫和丰年虾处理后 CFU 减少了 2 倍，14 天后进一步减少。因此，与 SUM 相比，24 小时后猎物介导的方法提供了更大的微生物移植量，支持这种方法作为一种更成功的单个细菌接种方法。
